時間：2023-05-30 09:38:30
開篇：寫作不僅是一種記錄，更是一種創造，它讓我們能夠捕捉那些稍縱即逝的靈感，將它們永久地定格在紙上。下面是小編精心整理的12篇模擬試卷，希望這些內容能成為您創作過程中的良師益友，陪伴您不斷探索和進步。
一、拼音、字詞(10分)
(一)下面紅色字注音、拼寫沒有錯誤的一項是(1分)［］
a.詫異(chà)堅韌(rèn)驀地(mè)蛻皮(tuì)
b.陰晦(huì)暫時(zhàn)勻稱(chèn)溫馨(xīn)
c.肆虐(nüè)貯滿(zhù)凝滯(zhì)戳穿(chuō)
d.希罕(hǎn)剎時(shà)臉頰(jiá)嶙峋(xún)
(二)按拼音寫出漢字。(4分)
1.芳chún______2.jīng______旗
3.wǎng______然4.狼jí______
5.千jūn______一發6.坦蕩如dǐ______
7.耳聞目dǔ______8.負yú______頑抗
(三)給下面詞語選擇正確的解釋，將序號填入該詞語后面的括號內。(3分)
1.閱歷［］
a.閱讀歷史
b.經歷的年代
c.社會實踐經驗
2.蔥蘢［］
a.形容草木青翠茂盛
b.形容長勢好
c.比喻草木青翠茂盛
3.愕然［］
a.害怕的樣子
b.不知所措的樣子
c.吃驚的樣子
4.豁亮［］
a.寬敞明亮
b.豁達
c.心胸開闊
5.白楊禮贊［］
a.對白楊樹高度贊揚
b.對白楊樹的歌頌與贊美
c.對白楊樹的崇敬與贊美
6.惟妙惟肖［］
a.比喻形象
b.形容描繪的十分精妙逼真
c.形容描繪的細致
(四)從后面括號內選擇恰當的字，填在橫線上，構成詞語，然后解釋這個字。(2分)
1.安然無______(a.樣b.漾c.恙)
解釋：
2.永______不朽(a.錘b.垂c.捶)
解釋：
3.不能自______(a.已b.己c.巳)
解釋：
4.一年之______在于春(a.季b.際c.計)
解釋：
二、填空(5分)
(一)在表格的空白處填出作者、作品和體裁。(2分)
(二)在橫線上填空(3分)
1.魯迅先生是我國偉大的__________、__________和__________，我們學過的
《從百草園到三味書屋》是以__________變換為序運用對比寫法進行記敘的。
2.在初一語文課本中，有三篇文章是以魯迅先生的事跡為題材的(不含魯迅作
品)。這三篇課文是①__________②__________③__________。
3.《皇帝的倫啊肥莀_________(國)著名童話作家安徒生的作品。除本篇外，
他寫的童話還有《海的女兒》和《____________》。
4.同志在《談骨氣》一文中，引用了戰國時代孟子說的
從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
1. The accident happeneda hot Sunday afternoon last July.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
2. Look at the sign, please. It says“No parking”. Youstop your car here.
A. can B. may C. needn’t D. mustn’t
3. ―Tim is ill. His illness is theof eating unhealthy food, I think.
―Maybe. And I think that he should change his diet.
A. result B. cause C. reason D. end
4. ―Hey, turn it off! We don’t music in the reading room.
―I’m sorry. I was so careless that I forgot to turn it off.
A. like B. hear C. play D. allow
5. Millie’s idea isSimon’s. They don’t agree with each other.
A. the same as B. similar to
C. as good as D. different from
6. ―My hometown Zhenjiang has changed a lot. What abouthometown？
―is not a modern city，only a small town.
A. you，It B. your，My C. you，Mine D. your，It
7. ―Would you like coffee with milk？
―No,thanks. I prefersome juice with ice.
A. any；drinkingB. any；to drinkC. some；to drinkD. some；drinking
8. ―Mike speaks Chinese well, but youhim.
―Thank you..
A. speak as badly as B. speak worse than
C. don’t speak so badly as D. speak much better than
9. ―Look, Peter is still reading in the library. He here for two hours.
―He is a boy.
A. has come, hard-working B. has been, hard-working
C. has come, outgoing D. has been, outgoing
10. ―Could you please tell me how to get to Dongfang Theatre？
―Sorry, I am new here.
―That’s OK. .
A. It’s my pleasure B. Forget it
C. Thank you all the same D. Don’t mention it
11. It hasn’t rained in Guizhou Province for half a year.， some farmland is not able to produce any crops this season.
A. As a result B. As usual C. In other words D. In all
12. Chen Guangbiao who often donates much money to poor people is a well-knownbusiness man.
A. creativeB. modestC. generousD. confident
13. Boys and girls, don’t discuss the problems with your partner until you
to do so.
A. tellB. are toldC. will tellD. will be told
14. ―The best waythe top student told us is toin every class.
―I’ve tried, but it doesn’t work.
A. who；take notes B. that；take notes
C. that；took notesD. which；taking notes
15. ―When will Mr. Liu be back to China？
―Sorry, I don’t know.
A. when did he go abroadB. how long he will stay abroad
C. how soon will he be back D. why he is going abroad
二、完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。
Denny Crook was a famous photographer. He traveled all over the world, taking pictures for magazines and newspapers, and won many prizes.
“I’ll do anything to get a good photo,” he often said. “I’ll go anywhere at any time, even if it is 16 .”
And he told the 17 . He had photos of earthquakes, forest fires, floods and even wars. If something interesting happened, Denny went to photo it.
He was a married man and his wife often asked him to take her with him, but he always 18 .“I’ll travel for my work, not for 19 ，” he told her . “You won’t enjoy yourself, and I won’t have 20 to look after you. Sometimes there’s not even anywhere to 21 ，and I have to sleep outside. I often don’t have a good 22or a bath for days. You won’t like it.”
“Denny, I’m not a child,” his wife didn’t 23 . “I can look after myself. Please take me with you the next time you go overseas.”
Denny did not say anything, but he 24about it, and when he was asked to go to Africa he said to his wife，“You can come to Africa with me if you want to.
I’ve got to take photos of wild 25there. It should be interesting and not too uncomfortable.”
His wife was very 26 ，and at first she had a very enjoyable time.
Then Denny went off to 27 some lions to photo. His wife went with him, but before long they became separated. She walked down one path while he walked down the other.
Suddenly, Denny heard her 28 . He ran back and saw her running toward him. A huge lion was chasing her.
Quickly Denny took his camera out of its case and 29 it at his wife and the lion.
Then he shouted， “ 30 ，woman! I can’t get you both in the picture!”
16. A. dangerous B. natural C. convenient D. impossible
17. A. lie B. reason C. news D. truth
18. A. allowed B. refused C. failed D. joked
19. A. wealth B. prize C. pleasure D. luck
20. A. money B. time C. interest D. ability
21. A. meet B. work C. shop D. stay
22. A. meal B. picnic C. room D. party
23. A. agree B. understand C. reply D. complain
24. A. worried B. forgot C. asked D. thought
25. A. land B. flowers C. animals D. people
26. A. confused B. excited C. surprised D. disappointed
27. A. find B. feed C. drive D. shoot
28. A. singing B. crying C. laughing D. cheering
29. A. threw B. fired C. showed D. pointed
30. A. Hurry up B. Look out C. Slow down D. Go ahead
三、閱讀理解(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)
閱讀下列材料，從每題所給A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出一個最佳答案。
A
One midnight, a little girl woke up to pass water（小便）. She by herself got up and down her bed, walked to the bedroom door and opened it. She looked outside and walked back, for it was so dark in the hall that she feared.
Her mother said, “Don’t be afraid, honey. Take courage!”
“What’s courage？” she asked, running to her mother’s bed.
“Courage is the brave breath,” her mother answered.
“Mum, do you have courage？”
“Certainly.”
The girl held out her little hands, saying, “Mum, blow some of your breath of courage to me.”
After her mother blew out two mouthfuls of breath into her little cold hands, the little girl clenched her fists(握拳) nervously, afraid that the “breath of courage” would run away. Then with her fists clenched, she walked out of the bedroom towards the bathroom with nothing to fear.
Her mother said to herself, “It will be nice if someone can blow some kind of ‘breath’ to me. Then I can hold it in my hands too when I feel terrified or lost.”
In fact, mostly, what we are terrified of is nothing but the fear in our mind. Who we should defeat(戰勝) is nobody but ourselves.
31. The girl walked back because .
A. the bathroom was too far away.B. her mother wouldn’t go with her
C. she was too afraid of the darkD. the bedroom door was locked
32. We learn from the reading that.
A. the girl went to the bathroom by herself
B. the girl pretended to be terrified of nothing
C. the girl’s mother was able to blow brave breath
D. the girl’s mother was very proud of herself
33. To stop “mother’s breath” from running away，the girl .
A. held out her little handsB. clenched her fists
C. talk to her motherD. held her own breath
34. The writer mainly wants to tell us that .
A. adults are always brave enough
B. children learn to be brave quickly
C. the fear in one’s mind is the real problem
D. the mother can deal with anything with breath
35. Which is the best title of the passage？
A. The Fearless MotherB. One Lonely Girl
C. One midnightD. The Breath of Courage
B
Doctor Seuss was born in 1904. By the middle 1950s，he had become one of the best-loved and most successful children’s book writers in the world. His books are very popular with young readers. They enjoy the invented words and the pictures of unusual funny animals and plants.
In 1954，life magazine published(刊登) a report about school children who could not read. The report said many children’s books were not interesting. Doctor Seuss strongly hoped to help children and decided to write books that were interesting and easy to read. He used words with the same ending sound，like fish and wish. He did not receive training in art. Yet，he drew the pictures for most of his books.
In 1957，Dr. Seuss wrote The Cat in the Hat. He used less than 230 words to write the book and even a six―year―old should be able to read it. It was a fun story and easy to read. Children loved it. Their parents loved it，too. Today it is still one of the stories they like best. The success of The Cat in the Hat made him want to write more books for children. In 1960，he wrote a book using less than fifty words. The book is called Green Eggs and Ham.
In 1984，Doctor Seuss won a Pulitzer Prize (普利策獎). He was honored for the education and enjoyment his books provided American children and their parents.
He died at the age of 87，but his influence remains. Millions of his books have been sold worldwide. People say his books helped change the way American children learned to read. Yet，his books are loved by people of all ages. Doctor Seuss once said，I do not write for children. I write for people.
36. Doctor Seuss learned from the magazine that.
A. some school children could not read
B. many children’s books were interesting
C. children wanted to learn to read
D. a writer for children was wanted
37. People like his books because the books .
A. are cheap and easy to get B. were written in different languages
C. are easy and interesting to readD. were written with invented words
38. He wrote the book The Cat in the Hat at the age of .
A. 50B. 53C. 56D. 87
39. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？
A. Doctor Seuss wrote Green Eggs and Ham with over 230 words.
B. Doctor Seuss wrote books only for children in the United States.
C. The Cat in the Hat was written only for six-year-old children.
D. His books provided education and enjoyment for Americans.
40. From the text we know that Doctor Seuss.
A. won a Pulitzer Prize soon after his death
B. sold millions of his books himself worldwide
C. changed American children’s way of reading
D. wrote the largest number of books in the world
四、詞匯運用(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)
A)根據句意，用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空，每空一詞。
41. Mr and Mrs Browns had a (peace) afternoon without the children around them.
42. ―I wonder if John has (arrive) at the village.
―Maybe not, it’s far from here.
43. ―Have you had your (twenty) birthday？
―No. It will be in August during the summer holiday.
44. ―Do you think he’ll return to work soon？
―Yes. He will (probable) return tomorrow.
45. Something is wrong with my left knee and I am going to have an
(operate) on it.
B) 根據句意及漢語提示，寫出各單詞的正確形式，每空一詞。
46. It’s useful for us to know much about western (文化) for learning foreign languages.
47. Mrs. Zhu seems very (嚴肅), but in fact she is very humorous.
48. George always (檢查) his answers carefully before handing in his papers.
49. Each of the twins has a desk (靠著) the window. It’s bright for them to read.
50. What a wonderful invention the dish washer is! It can (減少)some housework.
五、短文填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)
根據短文內容及所給首字母提示寫出所缺單詞, 每空一詞。
A friend of mine likes drawing horses. He draws well, but he always b 51 at the tail. Now it is the western rule to begin at the head, that is why I am surprised. It makes me think that it can not r 52 make any difference whether artists begin at the head or the tail or the foot or a 53 other part of the horse, if they know their business. Most great artists do not f 54 other people’s rules. Every one of them does their work in his own way that he finds it e 55 to work.
Now the very same thing is true in literature. And the question “How shall I begin？”only m 56 that you want to begin at the head i 57 of beginning at the tail or somewhere else. If you ask such a question, it seems you are not experienced enough to b 58 your ability. When you become m 59 experienced, you will never ask the question. I think maybe you will often begin at the tail, that is to say, you will write the end of the story b 60 you have thought of the beginning.
六、任務型閱讀(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)
請認真閱讀下列短文，并根據所讀內容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當的單詞。
The Internet has changed our habits, including our habit of sending greeting cards. There are many e-card websites that make it so easy to find the right greeting cards. They have greatly changed the way we send greetings to each other.
Our lives have become so busy that we have limited personal time. These e-card websites have allowed everyone to easily share their feelings and emotions with the people they love. They contain plenty of greeting cards that can be used immediately. The users can choose any card they like, from festival greetings to birthday wishes. In fact，e-cards are perfect for any event. That’s why more and more people like to send e-cards. If the users are interested in making their own greeting cards on the Internet, they can create a card within only a few minutes.
Another benefit of e-card websites is that they have made it possible for you to send top quality cards to your beloved ones and surprise them with cheerful greetings. They allow you to send your greetings on a specific date. So you can plan for the occasion when you want to send the card. For example, you can send your e-card on a certain day and then visit the person with some flowers the next day. This will surely create a good impression on a person you love.
We have never forgotten the importance of saying sorry to our beloved ones. But sometimes we fail to do so because we not brave enough to face those we hurt. Some e-cards on these websites allow us to express our feelings in a more thoughtful way.
Although some people still would rather buy traditional cards in the shop for the people they love, especially when they want the cards to last a long time, more and more people are choosing to send greetings on the Internet.
Title: 61. E-cards on the Internet
七、書面表達(共1題；滿分20分)
假如你是Jim，學校將試行在課間播放音樂，同學們對此進行了討論，看法不一，大多數同學贊成，而部分同學反對。請你根據表格中所提供的信息，給你們的校長寫封信，介紹大家的觀點，同時談談自己的看法。
詞數：不少于80詞（開頭已給出，但不計入總詞數）。
參考詞匯：study efficiency學習效率；expected預期的；effect影響；peace安靜
Dear headmaster,
We have had a discussion about whether to play music during the break. All the sudents in our class gave their ideas.
Your sincerely，
1．如果規定a*b＝5×a－1/2×b，其中a、b是自然數，那么10*6=___________。
2．一個最簡分數，它的分子除以2，分母乘以3，化簡后得3/29，這個最簡分數是___________。
3．如圖，這時一個圓心角45°的扇形，其中等腰三角形的直角邊為6厘米，則陰影部分的面積是________平方厘米。
4．一個數學測驗只有兩道題，結果全班有10人全對，第一題有25人做對，第二題有18人做錯，那么兩道都做錯的有_________人。
5．一項工程，甲單獨做需14天完成，乙隊單獨做需7天完成，丙隊單獨做需要6天完成。現在乙、丙兩隊合做3天后，剩下的由甲單獨做，還要__________天才能完成任務。
6．在1至2000這些整數里，是3的倍數但不是5的倍數的數有__________個。
7．一串珠子按照8個紅色2個黑色依次串成一圈共40粒。一只蟋蟀從第二個黑珠子開始其跳，每次跳過6個珠子落在下一個珠子上，這只蟋蟀至少要跳___________次，才能又落在黑珠子上。
8．自然數N有很多個因數，把它的這些因數兩兩求和得到一組新數，其中最小的為4,的為196，N有________個因數。
9．在一個邊長為1米的正方形木框ABCD的兩個頂點A、B分別有兩只螞蟻甲、乙，沿著木框逆時針爬行，如圖。10秒鐘后甲、乙距離B點的距離相同。30秒鐘后甲、乙距B點的距離又一次相同。甲螞蟻沿木框爬行一圈需__________秒，乙螞蟻沿木框爬行一圈需 __________秒。
10．一輛汽車從甲地開往乙地，每分鐘行750米，預計50分鐘到達。但汽車行駛到3/5路程時，出了故障。用5分鐘修理完畢。如果仍需在預定時間內到達乙地，汽車行駛余下的路程時，每分鐘必須比原來快多少米？
11．新新商貿服務公司，為客戶出售貨物收取3%的服務費，代客戶購物品收取2%的服務費。今有一客戶委托該公司出售自產的某種物品和代為購置新設備。已知該公司扣取了客戶服務費264元，客戶恰好收支平衡，問所購置的新設備花費（價錢）是多少元？
12．一項工程，甲、乙兩人合做8天可完成。甲單獨做需12天完成。現兩人合做幾天后，余下的工程由乙獨自完成，使乙前后兩段所用時間比為1:3。這個工程實際工期為多少天？
參考答案：
2016年小升初英語測驗卷(附答案)
Listening Part 聽力部分(共四大題，計40分)
一、聽錄音，從句子中選出你所聽到的單詞。每小題讀兩遍。(共10小題，計10分)
( )1、A、wait B、want C、what
( )2、A、work B、walk C、wake
( )3、A、feel B、fall C、fail
( )4、A、stop B、drop C、shop
( )5、A、worry B、sorry C、angry
( )6、A、mother B、father C、brother
( )7、A、watched B、what C、today
( )8、A、evening B、fever C、have
( )9、A、today B、tonight C、yesterday
( )10、A、last B、late C、go
二、聽錄音，選出正確的答語。每小題讀兩遍。(共5小題，計10分)
( )1、A、I’m 46 kg.
B、Tom is 3 kg heavier than me.
C、Mike is taller than me.
( )2、A、I’m tired.
B、I’m twelve years old.
C、He is tired.
( )3、A、she is 162 cm tall
B、My bed is 200 cm long.
C、I’m shorter than Tom.
( )4、A、I have a headache.
B、Her nose hurts.
C、You look so happy.
( )5、A、She is short and fat.
B、He is tall and thin.
C、He is a student.
三、聽錄音，完成對話。對話讀兩遍。(每空1分，計10分)
Last Sunday, Mike was very . In the morning, he to a park with his friends. They football. Then they went together. the afternoon, Mike his homework and a book. In the , he felt a little , So he went to early.
四、聽錄音，判斷下列句子正(T)誤(F)。每小題讀兩遍。(共5小題，計10分)
( )1、I’m going to buy a skirt.
( )2、I feel very sad.
( )3、He is younger than his teacher.
( )4、Your shoes are bigger than mine.
( )5、John won the game.
Writing Part 筆試部分(共十大題，計60分)
五、從下面每組中找出不同類型的單詞，將序號填在題前括號內。(共5小題，計5分)
( )1、A、am B、is C、are D、saw
( )2、A、work B、went C、took D、ate
( )3、A、today B、tomorrow C、yesterday D、holiday
( )4、A、Friday B、Sunday C、year D、Monday
( )5、A、tall B、thin C、strong D、nose
六、英漢互譯。(共10小題，計5分)
1、去旅行 6、go hiking ______________
2、發 燒 7、go to a park ______________
3、看醫生 8、clean the room ______________
4、放風箏 9、go fishing ______________
5、聽音樂 10、climb a mountain ______________
七、選擇填空。(共10小題，計10分)
( )1、I want teacher.
A、to a B、to be a C、a
( )2、Chen Jie .
A、like dancing B、like to dance C、likes dancing
( )3、what’s the matter you, Lily?
A、in B、on C、with
( )4、¬¬— did you do last weekend?
— I played football.
A、How B、what C、where
( )5、Did you your clothes on the weekend?
A、wash B、washed C、washes
( )6、My throat sore. My nose .
A、are, is hurt B、are, hurt C、is, hurts
( )7、We got back Tianmen bus.
A、at, take B、on, by C、to, by
( )8、I helped my mother their room yesterday.
A、cleaned B、clean C、cleans
( )9、We played ping-pong Thursday.
A、in B、on C、at
( )10、I’ll back home tomorrow.
A、be B、is C、are
八、給問句找答語，把其序號填在前面的括號內。(共5小題，計5分)
( )1、What do you do? A、He went to a park.
( )2、How did you get there? B、I an a policeman.
( )3、What did you do last night? C、By train.
( )4、What can you do? D、I can empty the trash.
( )5、where did he go? E、I did my homework.
九、連詞成句。(共5小題，計5分)
1、where, on, you, go, your, holiday, did
____________________________________________?
2、did, how, go, the, park, to, you
____________________________________________?
3、than, taller, me, you’re
____________________________________________.
4、played, with, he, his, football, friends
____________________________________________.
5、last, do, weekend, you, did, what
____________________________________________?
十、選詞填空。(共5小題，計5分)
1、— did you do last weekend?
— I watched TV.
2、— did your mother go to work yesterday?
— By bike.
3、— I went to your house.You were out. did you go?
— I visited my grandparents.
4、— did you go to sleep?
— At 10:30
5、— wasn’t she at school?
— she was ill.
十一、給下列句子排序。(共5小題，計5分)
( )No, I didn’t.
( )I played basketball. How about you?
( )what did you do yesterday?
( )I watched TV.
( )Did you climb a mountain?
十二、按題后要求，完成句子。(共5小題，計5分)
1、Did you go to the park? (作否定回答)
____________________________________
2、Mike went to Harbin yesterday. (對畫線部分提問)
_______ did Mike ______ yesterday?
3、I went to school by train.(對畫線部分提問)
______ did you _______ to school?
4、He went fishing last weekend.(變為一般疑問句)
______ he _______ fishing last weekend?
5、He cleaned his room last Sunday. (對畫線部分提問)
_______ did he ______ last Sunday?
十三、根據短文內容判斷正誤。(共5小題，計5分)
Mike and Tom are in the same school. They are in the same grade, too. Mike has English class in the morning, but Tom has English class in the afternoon. After school, they play games together. They often play basketball, play football, fly kites and ride bikes. They can swim, skate, dance and sing, too. They are good friends. They love their school.
( )1、Mike and Tom are in the same school.
( )2、They have English classes in the morning.
( )3、They are in the same class.
( )4、They often play games after school.
( )5、They are good friends.
十四、看圖作文(10分)
仔細看下面的圖片，發揮想象，寫一下暑假你準備去做什么。
提示詞：fly a kite; row a boat; take photos; play football
聽力部分錄音原文及答案
一、聽錄音，從句子中選出你所聽到的單詞。每小題讀兩遍。(共10小題，計10分)
1、What is the matter?
2、I often walk to school.
3、How does John feel?
4、I’m going to the pet shop.
5、I’m sorry to hear that.
6、How heavy is your brother?
7、I watched TV yesterday.
8、She has a fever today.
9、What did you do yesterday?
10、I went fishing last week.
二、聽錄音，選出正確的答語。每小題讀兩遍。(共5小題，計10分)
1、How heavy are you?
2、How old are you?
3、How tall is Kate?
4、What’s the matter?
5、What does Jack look like?
三、聽錄音，完成對話。對話讀兩遍。(每空1分，計10分)
Last Sunday, Mike was very happy. In the morning, he went to a park with his friends. They played football. Then they went swimming together. In the afternoon, Mike did his homework and read a book. In the evening, he felt a little tired, so he went to bed early.
四、聽錄音，判斷下列句子正(T)誤(F)。每小題讀兩遍。(共5小題，計10分)
1、I’m going to buy a shirt.
2、I feel very sad.
3、He is younger than his sister.
4、Your shoes are smaller than mine.
5、John won the game.
聽力部分答案
一、1、C 2、B 3、A 4、A 5、B
6、C 7、A 8、B 9、C 10、A
二、1、A 2、B 3、A 4、A 5、B
三、答案依次為：happy went played swimming In did read
evening tired bed
四、1、F 2、T 3、F 4、F 5、T
筆試部分答案
五、1、D 2、A 3、D 4、C 5、D
六、1、take a trip 2、have a fever 3、see a doctor
4、fly a kite 5、listen to music 6、去遠足
7、去公園 8、打掃房間 9、去釣魚
10、爬山
七、1、B 2、C 3、C 4、B 5、A
6、C 7、C 8、B 9、B 10、A
八、1、B 2、C 3、E 4、D 5、A
九、1、Where did you go on your holiday?
2、How did you go to the park?
3、You’re taller than me.
4、He played football with his friends.
5、What did you do last weekend?
十、1、what 2、How 3、where 4、when 5、why
十一、5 2 1 3 4
十二、1、No, I didn’t 2、Where, go 3、How, go
4、Did, go 5、What, do
讀某區域等壓線分布圖，回答1、2題。
1.圖中風浪最高的海域可能出現在（
）
A.①
B.②
C.③
D.④
2.此時
（
）
A.我國東北地區地面徑流最大
B.東非高原動物大量南遷
C.長江流域正值伏旱
D.圣地亞哥急吹偏西風
元謀土林是一種土狀堆積物塑造的、成群的柱狀地形，因遠望如林而得名。土林一般出現在盆地或谷地內，以近年在中國云南元謀發現的為最典型，反映了古地理變遷和地貌發育過程。讀圖，回答3、4題。
3.元謀土林的形成有關的作用是（
）
A.流水的沉積作用
B.流水的侵蝕作用
C.風力的沉積作用
D.風力的侵蝕作用
4.在云南省還有一種形成機制與土林地貌類似的景觀為
（
）
A.風蝕蘑菇
B.石林
C.角峰
D.三角洲
頁巖層中可能蘊藏有豐富的油氣資源，下圖中黑點為各鉆井在某頁巖層頂部的高程，回答5、6題。
5.圖中所示構造地貌最有可能是（
）
A.向斜山
B.向斜谷
C.斷塊山
D.背斜山
6.下列有關頁巖的敘述正確的是（
）
A.頁巖的形成與巖漿活動有關
B.頁巖中可能含有化石
C.一般由石灰巖轉化而來
D.經過變質作用后可以形成大理巖
下圖為我國某地區等高線圖（單位：米）和該地區氣候資料圖。讀圖，完成7、8題。
7.圖中常年水域最有可能為
（
）
A.湖泊
B.水田
C.海洋
D.塔里木河
8.該地區實現農業可持續發展的出路在于（
）
A.修建梯田，擴大水稻種植面積
B.全面封山育林，改善生態環境
C.調整農業結構，發展立體農業
D.大力種植牧草，發展乳畜業
下表為我國最近兩次的全國人口普查相關數據，回答9、10題。（性別比為每100位女性所對應的男性數目）
9.從表中可以得出，在各類人口中，絕對數增長最多的是
（
）
A.城市人口
B.女性人口
C.老齡人口
D.流動人口
10.有關我國人口變化特點的敘述，正確的是
（
）
A.男性人口數量在減少
B.流動人口的增長速度最快
C.人口結構在不斷優化
D.人口自然增長率總體偏高
讀某國輪廓圖，回答11、12題。
11.甲城市發展石化工業，其主導的區位條件是
（
）
A.勞力資源豐富B.科技力量雄厚
C.接近原料地
D.接近消費市場
12.圖中卡維爾鹽沼的成因有
（
）
①過度開采地下水，導致海水倒灌②山脈阻擋海洋水汽深入，氣候干旱③地勢四周高中間低④多外流河
A.①②
B.①③
C.②③
D.③④
成渝經濟區位于長江上游，地處四川盆地，北接陜甘，南連云貴，西通青藏，東鄰湘鄂，是我國重要的人口、城鎮、產業集聚區，是引領西部地區加快發展、提升內陸開放水平、增強國家綜合實力的重要支撐，在我國經濟社會發展中具有重要的戰略地位。讀成渝經濟區示意圖，回答13、14題。
13.由于成渝經濟區帶動了川渝的發展，沿海的服裝企業看到了川渝地區的優勢，把產業轉移到重慶，如雅戈爾、小豬班納、奧康等，導致沿海服裝企業轉移川渝地區的主要因素是
（
）
A.市場狹小
B.勞動力成本提高
C.交通不便
D.生態環境惡化
14.川渝地區吸引沿海地區服裝企業的優勢有
（
）
①技術②資金③勞動力成本④市場
A.①②
B.②③
C.①④
D.③④
2012年7月24日，海南省三沙市人民政府正式成立，市政府駐地位于永興島，讀我國南海諸島區域示意圖，回答15-17題。
15.三沙市成立期間
（
）
A.三沙市正處于旱季
B.舊金山（37°N，122°W）水循環活躍
C.內蒙古草原牧草枯萎
D.悉尼低溫少雨
16.永興島至海南島的最近距離約為（
）
A.100千米
B.300千米
C.500千米
D.700千米
17.若要更詳細地了解永興島的道路和建筑情況，那么須將該區域地圖
（
）
A.比例尺放大
B.比例尺縮小
C.水平比例尺放大，垂直比例尺縮小
D.水平比例尺縮小，垂直比例尺放大
出口加工區是指一個國家或地區為利用外資而設立的以制造、加工或裝配出口商品為主的特殊區域。落戶企業不出加工區即可享受快速通關、保稅免稅及退稅等諸多優惠。讀我國出口加工區分布圖，回答18、19題。
18.吸引外資外企落戶在出口加工區的主導因素是
（
）
A.原料
B.市場
C.政策
D.土地
19.出口加工區②與①相比，②具有的優勢是
（
）
A.經濟相對發達
B.對外貿易方便
C.勞動力資源充足D.交通運輸方便
下圖是“我國2006年以來人口數、人口自然增長率及出生人口性別比的變化曲線圖”。出生性別比為每出生百名女嬰相對的出生男嬰數，聯合國認定出生性別比的通常值域為102-107之間。最近幾年，國家從法律保障、政策調整、傳統觀念等方面進行指導，促進了出生人口性別比的合理化。據此回答20、21題。
20.三條曲線依次對應的數據是（
）
A.Ⅰ-出生人口性別比、Ⅱ-人口自然增長率、Ⅲ-總人口數
B.Ⅰ-總人口數、Ⅱ-出生人口性別比、Ⅲ-人口自然增長率
C.Ⅰ-人口自然增長率、Ⅱ-出生人口性別比、Ⅲ-總人口數
D.Ⅰ-總人口數、Ⅱ-人口自然增長率、Ⅲ-出生人口性別比
21.關于圖中我國人口狀況敘述正確的是
（
）
A.我國人口總數先增加后減少
B.每年新增人口男性多于女性
C.2010年與2011年新增人口數相同
D.近兩年我國新增人口男女比例合理
京廣高鐵北京至鄭州段于2012年12月26日正式開通運營。世界上運營里程最長的北京至廣州高速鐵路將全線貫通，北京至廣州只需要7小時59分鐘。據了解，京廣高鐵是我國“四縱四橫”高速鐵路的重要“一縱”，線路北起北京，南至廣州，全長2298公里，全線設計速度350公里/小時，初期運營速度300公里/小時。讀右圖，回答22-24題。
22.京廣高鐵（
）
A.沿線穿越了三種自然帶
B.越過了我國地形的二、三級階梯
C.沿線地區全部位于東部季風區
D.所經地區水土流失現象都比較嚴重
23.下列有關京廣高鐵的說法正確的是
（
）
①在建設中起決定性作用的是科技、地形因素②對我國高速鐵路網的形成意義重大③體現了交通運輸向高速化、大型化、專業化和網絡化發展④節約能源和減少污染是重點
（
）
A.①②③
B.①②④
C.①③④
D.②③④
24.京廣高鐵沿線各站點的設置需要借助的地理信息技術是
（
）
A.RS B.GIS C.GPS D.數字地球
二、綜合題
25.讀下面等高線，完成下列各題。
（1）圖中陡崖相對高度可能是
（
）
A.58m
B.158m
C.258m
D.358m
（2）在圖中范圍內修建一個水庫，水面海拔不能超過________，甲乙丙三地中都能看到丁地嗎？
（3）圖中高速公路修建有利的條件是什么？
（4）ab線經過的地區地形是_________和
（5）若該地是處于江南地區，生態保護的首要工作是__________，在發展經濟方面可發展哪些產業？
26.新華網北京2011年11月10日電，記者10日從國家發展和改革委員會獲悉，國務院日前批準實施《河北沿海地區發展規劃》。這是國家進一步貫徹落實區域發展總體戰略、支持東部地區率先發展、促進全國區域協調發展的又一重大舉措。結合河北省沿海經濟帶示意圖，回答：
（1）河北省濱臨的海洋為_________。
（2）河北省沿海經濟帶的區位優勢包括__________。
（3）河北省的城市中除唐山外，其他都發展得很慢，省內中等城市多，但大城市沒有形成，其原因主要是________。
（4）《河北沿海地區發展規劃》獲得批準的重要意義表現在_________。
27.讀下面圖文資料，回答有關問題。
材料一美國底特律處于五大湖南岸，地理位置優越，水陸交通便利，是美國汽車城，美國三大汽車公司總部都在底特律。底特律人口高峰時，可以達到180多萬人口，是底特律最繁榮的時候。現在的底特律人口數量80多萬，不足原來的一半。每年下降1%的人口數量，給底特律經濟帶來了極大影響，導致底特律走向衰落。
材料二 底特律市及周邊地區人口變化曲線圖
（1）甲河因流速平緩和徑流量變化小而被稱為世界上水流最平穩的河流之一。其水流平穩的主要原因有________。
（2）去工業化是指制造業就業比重持續下降。在“去工業化浪潮”沖擊下，底特律市人口因遷移而急劇減少，結合圖表分析其主要原因有________。
（3）A地農業地域類型為_________；影響B農業帶的主導區位因素是________。
（4）圖中C處漁業資源豐富主要因素是__________。
28.讀材料，回答下列問題。
材料一我國某區域圖及甲河流量月變化柱狀圖。
材料二 根據《黃河三角洲高效生態經濟區發展規劃》，黃河三角洲將建成能源基地、國家一流的石油化工、鹽化工基地和農業、漁業等為主的綜合農業生產基地。下圖為黃河口及其附近地區的衛星影像圖
（1）獲得黃河口及其附近地區的衛星影像圖信息技術主要是_________。人海口處陸地影像圖顏色深淺不一，這表明______。
（2）從三張影像圖中看出，從1984年至2006年，黃河三角洲面積的變化特點是先擴大，后縮小。造成其變化的直接原因是_________。
（3）請簡要分析圖中等積溫線東半段接近東西走向（與緯線平行），西半段呈東北一西南走向（南北走向）的成因。
（4）甲河流量季節變化特點是________。
（5）結合黃河三角洲的自然環境特征，說明確立材料二所述“三個基地”的依據。
29.閱讀分析材料，結合有關知識，完成下列各題。
材料一 甲國是世界主要產棉國和出口國，是該地區人口最多、人口密度最大的國家。具有將歐亞交通線連為一體的發達的交通基礎。勞動力素質較高，且工資水平較低。天然氣、電等能源價格相對低廉。為了促進紡織及相關產業的投資活動，出臺了一系列優惠政策。
材料二 下圖是中亞五國區域圖和M地各月氣溫降水量統計圖。
（1）從地理位置和地形角度分析該地區的典型氣候特點。
（2）分析我國向甲國投資紡織工業的有利條件。
（3）運用地理環境整體性的原理，分析說明圖中棉花種植區水資源利用不當對地理環境產生的影響。
【參考答案及解析】
1.C圖中四處海域，只有③處有氣旋活動，故風浪最大。
2.D根據圖中信息，此時北半球為夏季，東非高原動物應該大量北遷；長江流域受低壓控制，說明雨帶還在南方，東北地區尚未進入雨季；圣地亞哥位于南半球的地中海氣候區，此時為冬季，受西風影響強烈。
3.B土林分布區地層巖性有差異，固結程度不一。地表巖層長期受風化作用的影響，產生一系列的裂隙，地表徑流和雨水首先沿裂隙及軟巖層進行侵蝕，形成各種各樣的土林景觀。
4.B石林為喀斯特地貌，是一種典型的水蝕地貌。
5.A根據等高線數據可以判斷該區域為山地，由于可能有油氣資源儲存，所以屬于向斜山。
6.B頁巖屬于沉積巖，其經過變質作用后可以形成板巖。
7.A圖示地形圖等高距為5米，如果為海域，該常年水域與陸地之間應是0米等高線，則50米等高線與常年水域之間應有10條等高線，由此排除C項；水田屬于耕作區，塔里木河屬于季節性河流。
8.C由圖中的氣候資料判斷，該區域為亞熱帶季風氣候區，結合地形可知是南方低山丘陵區，水土流失較為嚴重，該區應因地制宜，調整農業結構，發展立體農業。
9.A根據數據計算，第5次人口普查時城市人口不到5億，而第6次人口普查時則為6.5億左右，相對于其他類人口增長的絕對數最多。
10.B前后兩次人口普查資料顯示，流動人口幾乎增加了兩倍，增幅最大。同時男性人口數量在增加，人口結構趨向不合理。
11.D甲城市為德黑蘭，石油需求量失。
12.C從等高線分布特點可以看出，該區域四周高，中間較低，且氣候干燥，蒸發作用強。同時該區域多內流河，河流在低洼處匯集，故有鹽沼形成。
13.B本題旨考查同學們調動知識、運用知識的能力。服裝企業屬于勞動力指向型企業，隨著勞動力成本加大，沿海服裝企業向外轉移已成必然趨勢。
14.D相對于東部沿海地區，川渝地區在市場、勞動力等方面更有吸引力。
15.D三沙市成立期間，北半球為夏季，三沙高溫多雨；舊金山則炎熱干燥（地中海氣候），水循環并不活躍；因為夏季降水較多，內蒙古地區草原茂盛；悉尼為亞熱帶濕潤氣候。地處南半球，正值冬季，故低溫少雨。
16.B永興島至海南島大概相差三個緯度，所以最近距離約為300千米左右。
17.A比例尺越大，圖中反映內容越是詳細；垂直比例尺只能看出地勢的高低起伏。
18.C出口加工區是一個國家或地區為利用外資而設立的，所以政策因素是吸引外資企業落戶的主導因素。
19.A②與①相比，②地處我國東部沿海地區，經濟發達，交通、科技、資金條件更有利，優勢更明顯；①地處內陸，經濟發展相對落后。同時，兩者都具備發展對外貿易的有利條件。另：勞動力并不是出口加工區的主要區位要求。
20.C我國目前的人口增長模式已經進入現代型，自然增長持續走低，但是由于人口基數較大，人口總數呈上升趨勢；人口性別比在國家政策等多方面調節下已漸趨合理。
21.B我國人口總數一直呈增長趨勢；從性別比上可以看出每年新增男性人口多于女性人口；2010年與2011年的人口自然增長率大體相當，但是人口總數不一樣，說明這兩年新增人口數也不一樣；聯合國認定出生性別比的通常值域為102～107之間，我國目前還高于這個標準，并不合理。
22.C京廣高鐵主要穿越了溫帶落葉闊葉林帶和亞熱帶常綠闊葉林帶兩種自然帶，越過的地形區位于第三階梯，所經地區水土流失并不突出。
23.D在建設中起決定性作用的是經濟因素。
24.B運用GIS，可以分析站點附近人口分布情況，從而為布置站點提供依據。
25.（1）B（2）450m不能
（3）經過的地區大部分比較平坦
（4）山谷鞍部
（5）保持水土水產養殖、林果業、水力發電、旅游業、建材業
26.（1）渤海
（2）地理位置優越、資源能源豐富、工業基礎雄厚、交通體系發達、文化底蘊深厚，具備良好的發展基礎。
（3）河北省在行政區劃上被天津和北京分割，沒有形成大經濟區的輻射能力，而是受京津輻射。
（4）①意味著河北省經濟發展從依賴京津到走向海洋。②河北沿海地區發展還將對華北西部地區經濟發展有促進作用。
27.（1）干流地勢低平，水流平穩；降水季節分配較均勻；五大湖對徑流的穩定補給與調節。
（2）①鐵路運輸的快速發展，使其運榆成本下降，水運的優勢逐步喪失。水運不再是傳統產業人口聚集的主要因素；②傳統工業區的環境污染嚴重，美國南部和西部的陽光充足，環境優美，南部和西部已成為具有很強吸引力的地方；③許多工廠為獲取更多經濟效益遷移至人力成本較低的南部地區；④鋼鐵產業受市場和新技術產業的沖擊，進行產業升級換代，導致該地區對傳統產業工人數量的減少；⑤郊區城市化，使中心城區和老城區人口減少。
（3）商品谷物農業（春小麥帶）市場
（4）寒暖流交匯。
28.（1）RS（或遙感）剛形成的陸地厚薄不均
（2）擴大的原因是中游段的輸沙量在增加，縮小的原因是黃河入海水量減少，輸沙能力減弱。
（3）東半段主要受緯度（太陽輻射）因素影響；西半段因受東北一西南走向的太行山影響（受太行山影響）。
（4）甲河流量冬春季節較小，夏秋季流量較大，流量季節變化大。
（5）本區域天然氣、風能、潮汐能等能源豐富；本區域石油、海鹽等資源豐富；本區土地面積廣、地勢低平；溫帶季風氣候，雨熱同期；海域面積廣（大陸架廣）。
29.（1）地處溫帶的歐亞大陸腹地，遠離海洋；東南多高山阻隔印度洋、太平洋的暖濕氣流；（溫帶大陸性氣候）降水稀少，氣溫年較差、日較差大（年變化、日變化）。
（2）靠近原料（棉花）產地運輸成本低，而中國棉花生產量不足，需要大量進口，成本高；勞動力充足、素質高、價格低廉。
（3）自然地理環境是各個要素之間相互聯系、相互影響、相互制約的一個整體。
1. ―Do you think Putin will realize his dream and become president of Russia one day?
―Well, _________.
A. only time will tell
B. every minute counts
C. time flies
D. time and tide wait for no man
2. Driving in rush hour traffic_________be very dangerous, so you_________be too careful.
A. could; should B. should; ought to
C. can; can’t D. might; mustn’t
3. ―If I don’t get money from my parents by Sunday, could I borrow some from you?
―_________. But can I know why?
A. By no means
B. By all means
C. By means of
D. By some means or other
4. Matthew was diligent and often stayed up late. _________.
A. So was Jack B. So did Jack
C. Nor was Jack D. So it was with Jack
5. In April, thousands of holiday makers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A. sticking B. stuck
C. to be stuck D. to have stuck
6. ―The film we saw last night was really a success.
―Yeah, I had never been to _________.
A. a better one B. the worst one
C. the best one D. a worse one
7. Pleasant music is played_________classes to make students refreshed and relaxed for a while in Nanjing No. 3 Middle School.
A. between B. among
C. over D. after
8. Zhao Benshan,_________overwork_________his health failure, couldn’t perform in the 2012 Spring Festival Gala on CCTV.
A. which; submitted to B. that; admitted to
C. whose; contributed to D. who; subscribed to
9. In_________most countries, a university degree can give you_________flying start in life.
A. the; a B. the; /
C. /; / D. /; a
10. ―Is that Dec.21, 2012 is the end of the world true?
―Of course not, but_________must be paid to the global climate change.
A. attention B. care
C. contact D. influence
11. Seventy percent of the population in the town _________.
A. is Germen B. are Germen
C. is Germans D. are Germans
12. The cost of renting a house in central Nanjing is higher than_________in any other area of the city.
A. that B. those
C. it D. one
13. Among the tall trees_________a farmhouse, in front of which_________an old woman, her hands crossed.
A. lying; sitting B. standing; does sit
C. stands; sits D. lies; is sitting
14. ―I wonder why you can always_________the deadline, however much work you have?
―You know, when the deadline gets _________, that’s when I work at my best.
A. miss; over B. extend; across
C. work to; near D. set; up
15. Those who continuously acquire new knowledge they can_________their work will succeed.
A. apply to B. submit
C. correspond to D. contribute to
二、完形填空 (共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)
It’s easy to be 16 jealous of Sean Anderson’s adventures―even if he is a fictional character in a movie.
We first saw Anderson explore the 17 of our planet in the 2008 hit movie Journey to the Center of the Earth. The 18 returned in Journey 2: The mysterious Island on February 10. The film is 19 on French writer Jules Verne’s fantasy novel, The Mysterious Island, 20 it also uses elements (元素) from Treasures Island, Gulliver’s Travels and 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.
It begins when Sean receives a distress signal (求救信號) from a mysterious island 21 no island should exist. Sean’s stepfather, Hank, is unable to stop his stepson from setting out a 22 to discover the island, and so joins him instead. Together with Gabato, the only helicopter pilot willing to risk the trip, and Gabato’s beautiful, strongwilled daughter Kailani, they 23 to find the island, rescue its lone human inhabitant (居民) and escape before a huge earthquake forces the island underwater and buries 24 treasures forever.
The movie was filmed on the Hawaiian island of Oahu, also the 25 of the hit TV drama Lost. The island’s jungles and beautiful mountains grow up out of the screen 26 the movie’s 3D technology.
The island setting is key 27 many works about mystery and adventure, such as Utopia, Robinson Crusoe, Lord of the Flies, and Shakespeare’s play about a magical island, The Tempest. Guardian writer David Cox believes that islands 28 a special place in the human imagination. “ 29 deserts or forests, islands have boundaries. This makes them theaters 30 alternative worlds, paradises (天堂) or hells, can readily take the stage,” Cox writes.
According to Cox, islands 31 seem different, but “they use the same obvious but distinct features of isolation (與世隔絕)”.
Life forms evolve on islands and may 32 their island’s specific conditions. In Journey 2, the hero rides a giant bee. 33 , according to Cox, human character is also forced to evolve in many stories about islands.
Cox argues that islands provide distance from familiar ways of thinking and invite or require us 34 who we are and how we behave. They enable us “to know ourselves as distinct from those around us, and, in doing so, 35 a more close relationship with the world”, Cox writes.
16. A. little B. a bit
C. a bit of D. a little of
17. A. depths B. lengths
C. heights D. width
18. A.17year old B. 17 yearold
C. 17yearold D. 17yearsold
19. A. put B. set
C. placed D. based
20. A. but B. while
C. and D. or
21. A. when B. how
C. where D. why
22. A. voyage B. trip
C. tour D. travel
23. A. set down B. set about
C. set aside D. set out
24. A. their B. its
C. his D. her
25. A. location B. situation
C. conversation D. direction
26. A. as a result of B. according to
C. thanks to D. in favor
27. A. to B. of
C. about D. on
28. A. enjoy B. spare
C. entertain D. witness
29. A. Like B. Dislike
C. Unlike D. likely
30. A. for that B. in that
C. for which D. in which
31. A. can B. should
C. could D. may
32. A. adapt to B. adopt
C. refer to D. contribute to
33. A. Yet B. However
C. Besides D. Immediately
34. A. to rethink B. rethinking
C. to be rethought D. rethought
35. A. practise B. offer
C. appreciate D. form
三、閱讀理解 (共15小題，每題2分，滿分30分)
A
Recently, my family and I experienced a loss, a loss which caused us all to break down in tears.
The world has become surreal (超現實的) for me. I have lost my best friend in times of happiness and sadness. Now that he is gone, I don’t know what I’m going to do. Buddy, our 14yearold dog, has died.
I remember the first time I met Buddy in 2000. At the time, I was 4. My mom and dad came back from Tracy, California, with a small golden retriever (金毛獵犬). This golden retriever was so cute. He had brown eyes and soft ears that felt like pillows when you touched them. My parents said that they picked this dog because he had come to them.
Buddy was a very loyal dog. During my early years, he was always my playmate when I didn’t have anyone to play with or my parents were busy.
However, one day Buddy was playing with me and he accidentally bit me. My dad picnicked and got angry at the dog. He believed that the dog was dangerous. At the time, we didn’t have enough room for Buddy, and he was growing bigger and bigger. My dad gave up Buddy to my aunt and her daughter.
Over the years, I would visit Buddy on the weekends and take him for walks. At the start of middle school, that connection faded. I don’t know how, but I just forgot about him. The thing that tears me up is that every time I visited my aunt, Buddy was always excited to see me. I wish I had spent more time with him.
His death has made me realize that you really need to work for the things that you can’t miss out on in life, like hanging out with your dog. I hope I never miss important moments like this again. Rest in peace in dog heaven, Buddy.
36. What does the word “cute” in the third paragraph mean?
A. pretty and attractive
B. cruel and violent
C. wild and natural
D. considerate and friendly
37. During his early years,_________when the writer couldn’t find anyone to play with.
A. his parents often played with him
B. his pet dog was always his playmate
C. he slept and went to school together with Buddy
D. Buddy usually accompanied him
38. Why did his dad send Buddy to his aunt and her daughter? Because _________.
A. Buddy was very loyal
B. Buddy bit him by accident
C. he had another new playmate
D. Buddy was dangerous and there wasn’t enough space for him
39. The best title of the article should be “_________”.
A. My best colleague
B. Bye bye Buddy
C. My family
D. The process of my growing up
B
Because of the financial crisis in the US and UK, college students are beginning to struggle to find ways to pay their tuition fees and accommodations.
Recently, two major US student loan lenders―Citibank and JP Morgan Chase―announced they were leaving the student loan industry altogether. Because banks currently have a lack of credit (存款額), they are reluctant to offer students lowinterest loans (貸款) that need a severalyear wait for any return of interest.
In the US, many undergraduates top up their financial needs with a private loan, although the majority can get governmentfunded loans. In the 2005―2006 academic year,＄17 billion in private student loans was used to finance higher education. The shortfall in private funding has yet to be covered and will hit many US students hard.
Across the Atlantic, UK students have been less troubled by the crisis. Most undergraduates in the UK cover their university expenses with governmentfunded loans and grants (助學金). Their biggest concern is a sudden steep increase in student rent.
Most young professionals now rent houses, since 80 percent of UK mortgage schemes (住房抵押貸款計劃) have disappeared―a direct result of the credit crisis. This has boosted the house rent market.
In large cities, UK students are paying almost 65 percent more in rent than the previous year. Figures from the UK organization Accommodation for Student show students in big cities such as London paying an average weekly rent of ＄103.
Yet, despite students’ suffering, the number of this year’s university applications is expected to grow. During economic slumps, people regard further education as a way to survive tough job markets.
40. According to the passage, banks are unwilling to offer students loans because _________.
A. the students are poor and sometimes they can’t pay off the debt
B. banks prefer lending the money to the young professionals
C. banks don’t have enough money left at the present time
D. they think college students are not studying hard
41. The underlined phrase “top up” in Paragraph 3 probably means _________.
A. put up B. make up
C. fill up D. pick up
42. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. UK college students have to pay more if they want to rent houses.
B. More UK students want to further their study in college.
C. It is not so easy for US students to loan money now.
D. College students’ tuition fees have risen greatly.
43. It can be inferred that _________.
A. there are no private student loan lenders in the UK
B. loans for US college students will be increased next year
C. private funding falls a little because of higher interest loans in the US
D. private loans play a very important role in financing US students’ education
C
What’s the question?
Who is more powerful―the Jade Emperor or the Buddha?
It might sound impossible to compare the two. But this was part of a formal interview question for the independent enrollment (自主招生) Fudan University this year.
With other questions included, “Why are milk cartons (紙板盒) square?” and “If your natural parent and stepparent both attended your wedding, how would you arrange their seats?”
Thousands of students are taking independent enrollment interviews this year and are facing questions like these. “My first impression is ‘Wow, that’s so strange’,” said Wu Yunxuan, 18, of Yuci No. 1 Middle School, Shanxi. “Some questions are too far away from students’ real lives. Interviewers should ask questions that allow students to show their life values. I doubt whether questions like these can really examine students’ abilities.”
Jing Yining from Hefei No. 6 High School, Anhui, disagreed with her. Jing has just taken the independent enrollment written exam for Nanjing University and is waiting for her interview.
“I’m not worried about the ‘strange’ questions,” she said. “I think it’s reasonable for universities to ask questions like these and I’m fully prepared.
“The interview is intended to select excellent students who are good at more than just taking exams,” she added. “It should be different from the college entrance exam which is mainly about textbooks.”
Her words were echoed (產生共鳴) by Professor Ge Jiangxiong of Fudan University. “What counts is not the students’ answers, but how they approach the questions, from which we can see whether they have critical thinking and other abilities,” he told Shanghai newspaper Wenhui Daily.
The experience of Tai Lunyue from Nanjing Foreign Languages School showed what Ge meant. During her interview for recommendation of direct admission (保送) to Fudan University, the interviewers kept asking her about Wuthering Heights (《呼嘯山莊》). “I was not very familiar with the book,” she said. “I quickly calmed down.” I tried to change the topic to one I knew about by comparing Wuthering Heights with The Secret Garden (《秘密花園》). It was a good way to avoid having nothing to say,” said Tai.
“There are no standard answers to these questions,” one of the interviewers who asked the “Jade Emperor and Buddha” question told China Youth Daily. “Students can even question the question. We like those who first define the terms in the question and then answer it. This shows he or she has a sharp mind.”
44. In the independent enrollment of Fudan University this year, _________.
A. it is hard for Wu Yunxuan to answer the formal interview questions
B. these strange questions are easy to answer
C. some questions are too near students’ real life
D. such questions can of course test examinees’ abilities
45. _________, Jing Yining from Hefei No.6 Middle School, Anhui _________.
A. Taken her interview; is anxious to know the result
B. Having taken such an exam； is waiting for her interview
C. Taking her interview; disagreed with Wu Yunxuan
D. Having taken such an exam; agreed with Wu Yunxuan
46. Taking the independent enrollment interviews, the most important is _________.
A. how to come near to the questions and think critically
B. what to do with the questions and think actively
C. how to deal with the questions and react quickly
D. how to handle the questions differently from others
47. One of the interviewers said that _________.
A. there is only one answer to these strange questions
B. there are two answers to each question
C. there are over three answers to every question
D. there are no standard answers to these questions
D
One evening in February 2007, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. That’s when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometer down the railway tracks.
Ceely’s near miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS (導航儀). She had never driven the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS, but it made no mention of the crossing. “I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train,” she told the BBC.
Who is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceely’s story in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And it’s not just GPS devices. Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.
The problem with his argument in the book is that it’s not clear why he only focuses on digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes. A mapmaker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment. But Stevenson doesn’t say.
It’s a problem that runs through the book. In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computerbased locking systems for cars. He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once again not all new locks have proved reliable. Perhaps, but maybe it’s also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets, or changing social circumstances, or some combination of these factors.
The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.
If there is such a way, it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long. (2011年浙江卷)
48. The phrase “near miss” (Paragraph 2) can best be replaced by_________.
A. close hit B. heavy loss
C. narrow escape D. big mistake
49． In the writer’s opinion, Stevenson’s argument is _________.
A. onesided B. reasonable
C. puzzling D. wellbased
50. What is the real concern of the writer of this article?
A. The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.
B. The relationship between human and technology.
C. The shortcomings of digital devices we use.
D. The human unawareness of technical problems.
四、任務型閱讀 (共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分)
請認真閱讀下列短文，并根據所讀內容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當的單詞。注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。
For more than a century, the DeBeers Corporation of South Africa has controlled the world’s supply of uncut diamonds. In fact, today when people hear the name DeBeers, they think of diamonds. The DeBeers company was founded in 1888 by Englishman Cecil Rhodes. He owned a diamond mine in Kimberly, South Africa. Thousands of people had rushed to mine diamonds after the discovery of the great diamond deposit in the 1870s. By 1885, there were so many diamonds for sale that the price had fallen from ＄500 a carat to just ＄10 a carat. Times were hard. Rhodes knew that the only way to make money with diamonds was to make them rare. The only way to do this was to control the supply of diamonds. The company started the Central Selling Organization (CSO), which still exists today. CSO was a diamond cartel (聯盟) that made sure that there were never too many diamonds available. Rhodes’s plan worked very well. By 1900, the CSO controlled about 90 percent of the world’s supply of diamonds, and DeBeers controlled the CSO.
By the early 20th century, however, DeBeers had figured out that controlling the supply was not enough. To increase profits, you also had to increase the demand. According to diamond expert Matthew Hart, the next step showed DeBeers’ true genius. They took something useless―diamonds―and connected it to something of great value―human love.
In order to do this, they hired an advertising agency that began marketing a diamond as a symbol of love: the bigger, the better. They were even able to get famous artists such as Pablo Picasso, Salvador Dalí, and others to create art for DeBeers’ ads. They also gave diamonds to famous movie stars to use as symbols of their indestructible (不可毀滅的) love. Then they put stories in magazines and newspapers that stressed the size of these diamonds. They even used Queen Elizabeth, who visited diamond mines in South Africa and accepted a diamond from DeBeers.
The most effective part of the advertising campaign was the slogan that they still use today: “A diamond is forever.” This statement was perfect even though it was a lie. Diamonds actually can be destroyed. And even though 50 percent of the marriages in the United States end in divorce, people want to believe that theirs will last forever. As a result of this brilliantly strategy, within three years, the sale of diamonds increased by 55 percent. Over the next 50 years, DeBeers repeated this marketing miracle in countries like Japan that previously had had no diamond tradition.
Experts say that diamonds are not rare today. In fact, they estimate that more than 100 million carats a year of diamonds come out of the ground. That might be as many as 800 million separate stones. So why are diamonds still so expensive? Because almost every diamond mine sells part of its output to DeBeers, and DeBeers sells only a small amount and keeps the rest. DeBeers officials claim that the company controls its diamond supplies the same way that a manufacturer controls its inventory (存貨). Still, the central question remains: Is it fair to create demand and then refuse to meet it?
五、書面表達 (滿分25分)
假定你是南京市第三高級中學學生張華。最近，你班同學正在參加《中國日報》21世紀中學生英文報“大家談”欄目的一個討論。本次話題為：父母的收入有沒有必要讓孩子知道?
請你根據下表所列情況給報社寫一封信，客觀地介紹討論情況。
70％的同學認為30％的學生認為
1．父母的收入應該讓孩子知道；1．父母的收入沒有必要讓孩子知道；
2．知道后，知其來之不易，能夠更加努力學習；2．如果知道父母收入較好，會助長亂花錢風氣；
3．知道后，可以理解家長的艱辛，學會儉省，為大人分憂。3．知道父母收人后，會以為不用努力，也能靠父母，影響學習動力。
注意：1．詞數：150左右;
2．信的開頭已經為你寫好，不計入總詞數內;
3．參考詞匯：收入―income.
Dear editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we recently have had about whether we should know our parents’ income.
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
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__________________________________________
__________________________________________
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參考答案：
一、1―5 ACBDB 6―10 AACDA 11―15 DACCA
二、16―20 BACDA 21―25 CADBA
26―30 CAACD 31―35 DABAD
三、36―39 ABDB 40―43 CCDD 44―47 ABAD 48―50 CAB
四、51. remind 52. possession 53. Problems 54. sold 55. demand
56. Start 57. keep 58. symbolize / represent 59. visit 60. slogan
五、One possible version:
Dear editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we recently had about whether we should know our parents’ income.
We do have different opinions on this matter. Most of us (about 70%) think we should know our parents’ income since it will help us understand how hard our parents have to work, no matter how much they earn. Then we will study harder and will not waste time and money any more. We may also learn to share our parents’ trouble. We’ll try to help them do some housework and respect them because respect is a good tradition of our country.
題目：
( )3. There are three ________ in our farm. They must look after those_______ everyday.
A. women teachers, animal B. womans teachers, sheeps
C. womans teachers, animals D. women teachers, sheep
答案揭曉 D
考點：可數名詞變復數的不規則變化和帶有性別woman、man時變復數如何應對
名詞變復數，我們都知道一般情況下+s,
特殊詞尾sh,ch,x,s,o(輔音字母+o結尾，且有生命)+es
如：brushes,foxes,benches,dresses; tomatoes,potatoes
變部分詞尾(輔音字母+y結尾，改y為i) +es;
如：fly-----flies baby----babies
(f/fe結尾，改其為v)+es;
如： wolf---wolves wife----wives
以上所說都是規則變化，那么不規則變化有哪些呢？
1. woman, man 的復數是改a為e --------women, men
需要注意的是，如果表示男老師們，女老師們這類兩個名詞放在一起變復數時，我們該怎么辦呢？
謹記：遇上性別，兩者都變
即 women teachers和men teachers
2. child -----children mouse----mice ox----oxen
3. 單復數同形 什么是單復數同形呢？
顧名思義，單數和復數長得一樣。那有哪些詞呢？我們來一一認識下~~~
人：Chinese Janpanese
考點聚焦：掌握日常交際用語在購物、打電話、問候等場合中的正確用法
測試題總數：20
根據對話內容，選用方框中所給句子補全對話，使對話完整連貫。
A
B
MrsBlack:Goodmorning,doctor.
Doctor:Goodmorning,MrsBlack.What’syourtrouble?
MrsBlack:(A1)There’ssomethingwrongwithmydaughter,Mary.
Doctor:Haveyougotaheadache?
Mary:(A2)
Doctor:Haveyoutakenyourtemperature?
Mary:No,Ihaven’t.
Doctor:(A3)Well,you’vegotabadcold.(A4)Haveagoodrest.You’llbeallrightinafewdays.
MrsBlack:Howoftendoesshetakethemedicine?
Doctor:(A5)
M:Excuseme,(B1).
W:Thenearesthospital?Godownthisstreet,(B2).It’sonyourright.
M:(B3).
W:It’saboutfivekilometresaway.You’dbettertakeabus.
M:(B4).
W:TheNo.10bus.
M:(B5).
W:Youarewelcome.
A.Threetimesaday,aftermeals.
B.Takethismedicine.
C.Pleaseaskthenursetotakeyourtemperature.
D.Yes,andI’vegotacough,too.
E.There’snothingwrongwithme.
A.Howfarisitfromhere?
B.Canyoutellmethewaytothenearesthospital?
C.WhichbusshallItake?
D.Thanksalot
E.thenturnleftatthethirdturning
C
D
A：Hello,8-9-0-double6-2-1.
B：Goodevening.MayIspeaktoChenHui,please?
A：(C1).
B：Yes,thisisAnn.(C2).Myparentsareverygladandwouldliketocomewithme.
A：Great.I’lltellmymothernow.(C3).
B：Bytheway,mymotherletmetellyouwe’llbealittlelate.(C4).
A：(C5).
B：Allright.Seeyou.
A:Seeyou.
A：Excuseme,LiPing.Whatareyougoingtodothisevening?
B：Well,Ihavenoidea.(D1)
A：I’mgoingtothecinema.
B：Goodidea!(D2)
A：Certainly.Youarewelcome.
B：(D3)
A：Let’smakeithalfpastseven.OK?
B：Noproblem.(D4)
A：Infrontofthecinemagate.
B：OK.Seeyouthen.
A：(D5)
A.Ithinkshewillbegladandwe’llhaveagoodtimethen.
B.Itdoesn’tmatter.
C.ChenHuiishereandisthatAnn?
D.Thankyouforaskingustocometoyourhouseforsupperthisweekend.
E.Becausewemaycomebackalittlelatefromtheparty.
A.Whattimeshallwego?
B.CanIcome,too?
C.Seeyou.
D.Whataboutyou?
E.Whereshallwemeet?
1、A1：
ABCDE
2、A2：
ABCDE
3、A3：
ABCDE
4、A4：
ABCDE
5、A5：
ABCDE
6、B1：
ABCDE
7、B2：
ABCDE
8、B3：
ABCDE
9、B4：
ABCDE
10、B5：
ABCDE
11、C1：
ABCDE
12、C2：
ABCDE
13、C3：
ABCDE
14、C4：
ABCDE
15、C5：
ABCDE
16、D1：
ABCDE
17、D2：
ABCDE
18、D3：
ABCDE
19、D4：
ABCDE
20、D5：
ABCDE
考點聚焦：掌握日常交際用語在購物、打電話、問候等場合中的正確用法
測試題總數：15
根據所給情景選擇最佳答案。
1、與陌生人相遇，該如何打招呼?
A.Howareyou?
B.Howdoyoudo?
C.Hello!
D.Areyoufine?
2、路上遇見你的老師，該如何打招呼?
A.Goodmorning,Mr.Wang.
B.Hi,Mr.Wang.
C.Nicetomeetyou.
D.Howdoyoudo?
3、球賽你們班贏了，向隊員們說：
A.Dowell!
B.You’regood!
C.Congratulations!
D.Badluck!
4、晚上臨睡前，你應向父母說：
A.Goodevening!
B.I’mgoingtobed.
C.Goodnight!
D.Seeyoutomorrow.
5、如果你問路，而對方說“不知道”時，你應該如何應答?
A.Thankyou.
B.You’rewelcome.
C.Thankyouallthesame.
D.Thanksalot.
6、請別人幫忙，你可說：
A.Couldyoudosomethingforme,please?
B.I’dlikeyourhelpingme.
C.Help,help!
D.What’sthematterwithyou?
7、別人感謝你的幫助，你可回答：
A.Thankyouallthesame.
B.Nevermind.
C.Itdoesn’tmatter.
D.Withpleasure!
8、It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.
A.Itdoesn’tmatter.
B.Don’tsayso.
C.It’smypleasure.
D.It’smyduty.
9、MayIuseyourpen?
A.Certainly!Hereyouare.
B.Verywell.
C.Excuseme.
D.No,youcan’t.
10、I’msorrytokeepyouwaitingsolong.
A.You’rewelcome!
B.I’msorry.
C.Whynotalittleearlier?
D.Itdoesn’tmatter.
11、Wouldyouliketocometotheparty,please?
A.Thankyouforyourasking.
B.Ithinkwewillhaveagoodtime.
C.No,Iwouldn’t.
D.I’dliketo,butIhavealotofthingstodotonight.
12、It’scoldhere.WouldyoumindifIclosethewindow?
A.Withpleasure.
B.Yes,please.
C.Ofcoursenot.
D.That’sagoodidea.
13、I’mafraidI’vegotabadcold.
A.Nevermind.
B.Keepawayfromme.
C.Bettergoandseeadoctor.
D.Youneedtoeatlessfood.
14、CanIspeaktoMr.John?
A.Holdon,please.
B.Yes,I’mJohnhere.
C.Sorry,heisn’there.
D.Ofcourse,butwhoareyou?
15、Happybirthdaytoyou!
A.Thesametoyou.
B.You’rewelcome.
《申論》模擬試卷（六）
一、注意事項
1.申論考試，是對分析駕馭材料的能力、解決問題能力、言語表達能力的測試。
2.作答參考時限：閱讀材料40分鐘，作答110分鐘。
3.仔細閱讀給定材料，按照后面提出的“申論要求”依次作答。
二、給定資料
1.據中國青年報報道，2014年6月24日上午，由14輛汽車組成的“中國禁毒志愿者汽車萬里行”車隊返京，標志著禁毒萬里行中線活動的初戰告捷。由國家禁毒委辦公室、團中央、北京市禁毒委、北京市禁毒教育基地發起的這一活動，共分中線、東線、西線、北線、港澳臺線進行，計劃3年走遍全國。
6月12日上午，作為首發路線的“禁毒萬里行”中線車隊從北京正陽門出發。車隊途經河北、河南、湖北、湖南、廣東五省，終點站是虎門紀念館。在2600多公里的汽車征途上，由14輛汽車和53名禁毒志愿者組成的“禁毒萬里行”車隊每到一站，都與當地禁毒辦、團委聯合開展禁毒志愿者巡回演講報告會、問題問卷調查、禁毒宣傳圖片展、禁毒萬人簽名等一系列禁毒宣傳活動。據了解，6月26日，“禁毒萬里行”車隊的全體禁毒志愿者將在北京中華世紀壇會師，參加“6·26”國際禁毒日北京禁毒宣傳活動。
北京市禁毒辦副主任、北京市禁毒教育基地副主任劉杰表示，“禁毒萬里行”活動將用三年時間走遍全國，達到教育青少年、鼓勵禁毒志愿者、傾聽群眾呼聲的目的。
2.不久前，教育部、公安部在北京禁毒教育基地向北京和全國各地中小學樣贈送了《中小學生禁毒教育掛圖》，以便通過張貼宣傳，提高青少年學生的拒毒防毒意識和能力。
據了解，受國內外復雜環境的影響，我國的禁毒工作仍面臨嚴峻挑戰，其中一個突出問題，就是青少年吸毒人口比重較大。據公安部門統計，2014年全國90.1萬在冊吸毒人員中，近80％是青少年，其16歲以下的就有1萬多人，這些人有的是輟學學生，也有相當部分是在校學生。
教育部、公安部有關負責人指出，各地有關部門要高度重視禁毒宣傳教育工作，扎扎實實做好中小學生預防教育工作。教育部門要進一步落實和完善預防教育責任制，要把預防教育納入中小學校教育工作中。公安部門要和教育部門密切配合，使廣大中小學生通過觀看禁毒展覽、禁毒影視片，舉行各種禁毒、防毒講座和知識競賽等，讓學生了解的危害和防范的知識。
3.在國內外大環境的影響下，北京市的毒情形勢愈加嚴峻，2014年1月至今年5月，本市公安機關共破獲犯罪案件1900余起，抓獲犯罪嫌疑人2014余名；破獲吸毒案件5800余起，抓獲吸毒人員6100余名；繳獲海洛因、冰毒、等92.9公斤。
2014年1月至今年5月，本市各級法院共受理涉類案件986件、1154人，審結涉類案件746件、873人。2014年1月至今年5月，法院受理的30件販運在50克以上的案件，被告人均被判處了重刑。同時對犯罪分子加大了財產刑的打擊力度，鏟除犯罪分子可能繼續犯罪的經濟基礎。從去年1月至今年5月，在判處刑罰的案犯中，被并處罰金或沒收財產的人數占案犯總人數的95.6％。
當前本市形勢具有五個特點：首先，犯罪活動的手段不斷翻新，日趨多樣化。其次，吸毒人員繼續增長，呈現低齡化和向一般人群發展的趨勢。第三，消費市場繼續擴大，零包販毒活動遍及城近郊區。第四，吸毒誘發殺人、搶劫等嚴重刑事犯罪等社會問題仍然十分突出，嚴重危害首都的政治穩定和社會安定。第五，販毒分子為逃避打擊，采取各種手段應付執法。根據公安部的部署，市公安局于今年4月至9月在全市范圍內組織開展“遏制毒源專項行動”。
4.目前北京市吸毒人員中35歲以下的青少年占88％，而且大多是獨生子女。吸毒人員組成也從無業、個體戶，發展到公務員等高學歷人群。全市登記在冊的吸毒人員已達2.6萬名，約占全市1400萬人口的千分之一點八六。從2014年至2014年，平均每年新發現吸毒人員1500名左右，約占當年查獲吸毒人員總數的40％。原有吸食海洛因等傳統的群體并沒有明顯萎縮，文化娛樂場所內吸食新型的現象迅速增加，不僅遍及城八區，而且已波及一些遠郊區縣。吸毒人員主要組成從無業、文化水平低、個體戶等人群，發展到學生、公司職員、演藝界人士、公務員等高學歷、高收入、有一定社會地位的各行業人群，使本該用于拉動經濟增長的消費資金流入了黑市。此外，吸毒引發艾滋病和多種疾病的傳播，據不完全統計，截至2014年，北京地區共檢測出艾滋病病毒感染者1348名，其中因共用注射器吸毒感染的716例，占全市所有HIV感染者的53％。
5.據千龍新聞網北京頻道報道，6月26日是第16個國際禁毒日，北京市禁毒委員會宣武區北京十五中舉行了“北京市禁毒宣傳教育示范學校命名暨禁毒征文頒獎大會”。國家禁毒委員會副主任、公安部副部長白景富，北京市委副書記、市禁毒委員會主任強衛等有關領導出席了今天的活動。與此同時，北京市各區縣在繁華地區、機場、火車站、社區等處設立禁毒宣傳咨詢站120多個，發放禁毒專刊50萬份，其他宣傳品200多萬份，并通過張貼掛圖、播放錄像等形式掀起了禁毒宣傳的熱潮。
6.今年以來，北京十五中在經常開辦禁毒教育宣傳活動的同時，又和宣武區陶然亭街道共同開展了包括專家講座、主題班會、教育征文、設計禁毒教育班級網頁、千人簽名等“不讓進我家”系列教育活動。經過學校認真評選，沈策等10名同學獲得征文獎。在今天的活動上，與會領導向這些獲獎的學生頒發了證書，強衛代表市禁毒委員會授予十五中學“北京市禁毒宣傳教育示范學校”匾牌。
7.強衛指出，對于北京市的禁毒工作應從一下三個方面做好工作：一是以“三個代表”重要思想為指導，進一步加強領導，各級黨委、政府都要從講政治的高度來理解和貫徹實施禁毒工作的各項任務。二是以青少年為重點，切實抓好禁毒宣傳教育工作。對青少年的預防教育工作，必須在黨委、政府的領導下，依靠學校、文化宣傳部門和共青團等群眾組織，充分發揮學校老師、家長、居委會等各方面的力量廣泛參與，在全社會形成良好的輿論氛圍。三是發動人民群眾，實現對問題的綜合治理打一場禁毒的人民戰爭。問題是一個復雜的社會問題，禁毒工作是全社會的事情，需要動員全社會各方面的力量廣泛參與，各執法部門齊抓共管，才能實現對問題的綜合治理。
8.今年頭5個月，女性涉毒犯罪人數已為去年全年人數的76.4％，與貪污、受賄、挪用公款等犯罪中女性犯罪相對較為突出相比，涉毒女性犯罪人數是貪污等犯罪中女性人數的3倍以上。
與此同時，北京市公安局發出通知，責令吸食、注射人員在今年7月6日之前到公安機關進行登記，對逾期未登記的，將依法強制戒毒或實行勞動教養。同時歡迎公民積極揭發、檢舉違法犯罪人員，對協助公安機關打擊犯罪、查破案件的有功人員，將根據情況予以獎勵。
9.6月26日，“世界禁毒日”即將到來，有關人士擬邀請這名歌手出任禁毒大使，認為他健康自然的形象和在歌迷中的影響力有助于青少年拒絕。其實這名歌手一直是公益活動的熱心人，醫院、希望小學、福利院都有他的足跡，他甚至簽署了器官捐贈的協議。
三、申論要求
得分評卷人1.請用不超過150字的篇幅，概括出給定資料所反映的主要問題。（20分）
得分評卷人2.用不超過350字的篇幅，提出解決給定資料所反映問題的方案。要有條理的說明，要體現針對性和可操作性。（30分）
得分評卷人3.就給定資料所反映的主要問題，用1200字左右的篇幅，自擬標題進行論述。要求中心明確，內容充實，論述深刻，有說服力。（50分）(方格略)
四、參考答案
1.答案提示
北京市在禁毒宣傳教育、打擊違法犯罪、禁吸戒毒、加強制毒化學品管理這些方面取得了很大的成績。但是全國各地禁毒工作面臨地外部環境不容樂觀，北京也不例外。目前全市吸毒人數還呈上升趨勢，因吸販毒而誘發的刑事犯罪和社會治安案件有增無減，女性涉毒犯罪日趨增多。
2.答案提示
(1)加強禁毒工作基礎建設，禁毒執法隊伍要實現正規化、專業化。
(2)嚴厲打擊犯罪活動，有效遏制蔓延發展勢頭，堅決杜絕非法種植罌粟等原植物的刑事案件。
(3)普及禁毒宣傳教育，增強全民特別是青少年的防毒、拒毒意識；明顯減緩新吸毒人員的滋生速度，全面落實對吸毒人員的社會幫教措施。
3.參考例文
我國禁毒形勢依然嚴峻
6月26日，是聯合國確定的國際禁毒日。今年國際禁毒日的宣傳主題是：“抵制，參與禁毒”。對禁毒工作，我國政府十分重視。1998年5月至7月，公安部等9部委聯合舉辦了《全國禁毒展覽》；2014年，國家禁毒委員會組織開展了禁毒宣傳教育“五個一”工程，在北京、上海、浙江、遼寧、東莞、貴陽等地建立了禁毒教育基地；2014年，加強了禁毒志愿者隊伍建設，開展了禁毒志愿者行動。2014年，國家禁毒辦制作了《世紀之患—新型》專題片，組織開展了抵制冰毒、等新型的宣傳教育活動。
在搞好禁毒宣傳教育的同時，我國政府投入大量人力、物力和財力，做好禁毒、戒毒的基礎性工作。截止2014年底，全國建成強制戒毒所583個，床位11.6多萬張；勞教戒毒機構165個，床位14.3多萬張；自愿戒毒所247個，0.8萬張。僅1998-2014年，我國共強制戒毒149.3萬人。
雖然禁毒工作取得巨大成績，但是我國面臨的禁毒形勢依然十分嚴峻。販毒案件逐年上升。1998年至2014年，全國破獲犯罪案件54.69萬起，抓獲犯罪分子25.01萬人，批準逮捕23.56萬人，判處刑罰19.65萬人，繳獲海洛因51.03噸、冰毒52.43噸、鴉片14.73噸、易制毒化學品1412.5噸，鏟除非法種植罌粟6400余畝。僅2014年，就繳獲海洛因9.53噸，同比上升2.6％；繳獲冰毒5.83噸，同比上升82.6％。
吸毒人員逐年上升。2014年，我國登記在冊的吸毒人員已超過105萬人。從年齡看，吸毒者中72％是青少年；從職業看，無業的社會閑散人員有57.3萬人、農民有29.4萬人。2014年，強制戒毒22.25萬人次，其中新收勞教戒毒人員6.15萬多人次，比上一年有較大升高。應該承認，我國實際吸毒人員遠高于登記在冊的人數。
面對嚴峻的形勢，我們決不可掉以輕心，必須更加深入、細致地抓好禁毒工作。
一要加強國際合作。制毒、販毒是國際性犯罪，僅靠一個國家的力量，打擊犯罪是遠遠不夠的。我國應繼續參與國際禁毒事務，不斷加強與聯合國等國際組織的協作配合，尤其加強“金三角”、“金新月”地區周邊國家的禁毒合作。通過加強國際合作，進一步擴大我國在國際禁毒事務中的影響，促進國內禁毒工作的開展。
二要嚴守國門。打擊的制作和販賣，必須從源頭抓起。就我國而言，大量的生產和制作，是在境外完成的。因此，要做好禁毒工作，必須嚴守過門，把好的入口關，將盡量堵在國門之外。
三要加大懲處力度。應該說，我國在犯罪上的懲處是比較嚴厲的。但是，面對嚴峻的犯罪形勢，我們絕不能放松查處犯罪力度，降低懲處犯罪的強度，而是要繼續保持對犯罪的高壓態勢，嚴厲打擊一切犯罪行為。
四要搞好宣傳教育。要繼續加強危害等方面的宣傳教育，提高人民群眾對犯罪的認識。同時，還要使群眾特別是青少年懂得，在問題上，絕不能有任何的僥幸心理。現在的，都是高濃縮，用一次就會上癮，而且很難戒掉。
病史采集試題
簡要病史：男性，60歲，突發胸骨后壓榨性疼痛2小時，血壓下降1小時。
你作為住院醫師，按照標準住院病歷要求，圍繞以上簡要病史，請將如何詢問該患者現病史及相關的內容寫在答題紙上。
一、問診內容
(一)現病史
1．根據主訴及相關鑒別詢問
①發病誘因，有無勞累、激動、創傷等；②胸痛是陣發性還是持續性，是否放射，有無緩解和緩解因素；③伴隨癥狀：心悸、頭暈、冷汗淋漓，四肢冷，有無呼吸困難，咯血；④精神和神志的改變，有無煩躁不安，意識不清；⑤尿量。
2．診療過程
①是否到醫院就診?做過哪些檢查?②治療用藥情況?
(二)相關病史
1．是否有藥物過敏史
2．與該病有關的其他病史：有無心臟病、高血壓病、糖尿病、高血脂史，有無下肢深靜脈血栓形成，有無煙、酒嗜好。
二、問診技巧
(一)條理性強、能抓住重點
(二)能夠圍繞病情詢問病例分析試題
病史摘要：男性，40歲，司機，反復發作上腹痛5年余，突發劇烈腹痛3小時。
患者5年來常感上腹痛，寒冷、情緒波動時加重，有時進食后稍能緩解。3小時前進食并飲少許酒后，突然感到上腹刀割樣劇痛，隨即波及全腹，呼吸時加重。家族成員中無類似病患者。
查體：T38℃，P96次/分，R20次/分，BPl20/80mmHg。急性病容，側臥屈膝位不斷，心肺未見異常，全腹平坦，未見腸型，全腹壓痛、反跳痛陽性，呈板狀腹，肝濁音界叩診不滿意，腸鳴音弱。
實驗室檢查：Hb120g/L，WBCl3×109/L，K+4.O mmol/L，Na+135 mmol/LC1-105mmol/L。立位腹部X線平片：右膈下可見游離氣體。
根據以上病史摘要，請將：診斷及診斷依據；鑒別診斷；進一步檢查與治療原則寫在答題紙上。
一、診斷及診斷依據
(一)初步診斷急性彌漫性腹膜炎；胃十二指腸潰瘍穿孔(消化性潰瘍穿孔)。
(二)診斷依據
1．在慢性上腹痛的基礎上有突然劇腹痛；2．全腹壓痛及反跳痛、板狀腹，腸鳴音弱；
3．立位腹部X線攝片：右膈下有游離氣體。
二、鑒別診斷
1．急性胰腺炎；2．膽石癥，急性膽囊炎；3．急性腸梗阻。
三、進一步檢查
1．必要時診斷性腹腔穿刺；
2．B超腹腔及肝、膽、胰、腎。
四、治療原則
1．禁食、胃腸減壓，抗炎；
2．糾正水電解質失衡，抑制胃酸分泌；
3．做好術前準備，必要時進行手術治療。
第二部分
綜合筆試試題
1．血液凝固的內源性與外源性途徑最主要差別是
A．是否有血小板參與
B．纖維蛋白形成過程
C．因子X的激活過程
D．凝血酶激活過程
E．凝血速度快慢
[答案]
C因子Ⅻ啟動內源性凝血途徑，并形成因子Ⅷ復合物激活因子X，完成血液凝固，而因子Ⅲ啟動外源性凝血途徑，因子Ⅲ與Ⅶ形成復合物，在Ca21存在的情況下，激活因子X，完成血液凝固。顯然，兩者差別在因子X的激活過程不同。
2．膽汁可以促進脂肪的消化和吸收，主要是由于它含有
A．脂肪酶
B．膽紅素
C．膽綠素
D．膽鹽
E．膽固醇
[答案]
D膽鹽可乳化脂肪為脂肪微滴，增加脂肪酶的消化面積，促進脂肪的消化和吸收，故膽鹽是促進脂肪消化、吸收的主要成分。
3．可分泌腎素分子的結構是腎的
A．感受器細胞
B．系膜細胞
c．間質細胞
D．致密斑
E．顆粒細胞
[答案]
E腎素是近球小體中的顆粒細胞(近球細胞)分泌。
4．與糖代謝無關的激素是
A．胰島素
B．甲狀腺素
C．腎上腺素
D．去甲。腎上腺素
E．醛固酮
[答案]
E胰島素能降低血糖：甲狀腺激素、腎上腺素和去甲腎上腺素互能使血糖升高；而醛固酮的主要作用是保Na+排K+，與糖代謝無關。
5．貧血性梗死主要發生于
A．心、肝、腎、
B．心、腎、脾
c．心、肺、脾
D．大腦、肺、腎
E．小腸、肝、心
[答案]
B貧血性梗死多發生于組織結構比較致密，側支循環不充分的器官，如腎、脾、心肌等器官。
6．關于腫瘤的轉移錯誤的是
A．胃癌可轉移至盆腔
B．乳癌可轉移至鎖骨上淋巴結
C．交界性腫瘤不出現轉移
D．肝癌可出現腦轉移
E．肺癌可出現骨轉移
[答案]
C良性腫瘤與惡性腫瘤間有時亦無絕對界限，有些腫瘤的組織形態介乎二者之間，稱為交界性腫瘤，此種腫瘤具有潛在惡性，有時可發生轉移。
7．高血壓病的心臟增大主要是由于
A．心室肌源性擴張
B．心肌纖維組織增生
C．血壓升高引起左心室代償性增大
D．心臟微小血管硬化所致缺血
E．心包積液
[答案]
C由于高血壓病時左心室壓力性負荷增加而發生代償性肥大。
8．慢性阻塞性肺氣腫最主要的并發癥是
A．肺源性心臟病
B．肺肉質變
C．肺膿腫
D．纖維素性肺炎
E．肺萎縮
[答案]
A慢性阻塞性肺氣腫引起肺血管床破壞，使肺循環阻力增加，引起肺動脈高壓，又因肺阻塞性通氣障礙，換氣不足，導致低氧血癥，引起肺小動脈痙攣，加重了肺動脈高壓，造成右心室負荷加重，最終并發肺源性心臟病。
9．普魯卡因不可用于的局麻方法是
A．蛛網膜下腔麻醉
B．浸潤麻醉
C．硬膜外麻醉
D．表面麻醉
E．轉導麻醉
[答案]
D普魯卡因親脂性差，對皮膚、黏膜的穿透力弱，不能用于表面麻醉，其他麻醉方法可應用。
10．應用強心苷治療房撲，其不正確的描述是
A．使心房撲動轉為心房顫動
B．停藥后部分患者轉為竇性頻率
C．使心室率減少
D．與房室傳導有關
E．與負性頻率作用有關
[答案]
E治療心房撲動，是因為強心苷縮短心房肌有效不應期，使心房撲動轉為心房顫動，突然停藥，有效不應期延長，部分患者轉為竇性心律。
11．對骨骼和牙齒的生長發育有不良影晌的抗生素是
A．林可霉素
B．紅霉素
C．青霉素
D．頭孢唑啉
E．四環素
[答案]
E四環素沉積于骨骼及
牙齒組織內，損害骨骼和牙齒生長，所以在8歲以下兒童禁止使用。
12．阿托品對下列有機磷酸酯類中毒癥狀無效的是
A．瞳孔縮小
B．流涎流汗
C．腹痛腹瀉
D．小便失禁
E．骨骼肌震顫
[答案]
D抗膽堿能藥與乙酰膽堿爭奪膽堿受體，起到阻斷乙酰膽堿的作用。阿托品具有阻斷乙酰膽堿對副交感神經和中樞神經系統毒蕈堿受體的作用，對緩解毒蕈樣癥狀和對抗呼吸中樞抑制有效，但對煙堿樣癥狀和恢復膽堿脂酶活力無作用。
13．支氣管哮喘發作時，最有診斷意義的體征是
A．胸郭飽滿
B．肋間隙增寬
C．觸診胸部語顫減弱
D．叩診胸部過清音
E．聽診兩肺廣泛哮鳴音
[答案]
E是由于支氣管平滑肌痙攣，呼吸道黏膜充血、水腫及分泌物增加，造成支氣管或細支氣管狹窄和部分阻塞，空氣吸入或呼出時發生湍流，而產生廣泛哮喘病。
14．支氣管哮喘與心源性哮喘鑒別如有困難時忌用
A．氨茶堿
B．沙丁胺醇
C．異丙嗪
D．嗎啡
E．潑尼松
[答案]
D嗎啡能強烈抑制延髓的咳嗽反射，明顯抑制腦干呼吸中樞，減少呼吸頻率，潮氣量和每分通氣量。支氣管哮喘是支氣管平滑肌痙攣，氣道阻塞，應用嗎啡更加抑制呼吸，所以忌用。
15．早期發現肺結核最有效的方法是
A．痰菌檢查
B．結核菌素試驗
C．血沉測定
D．纖維支氣管鏡檢查
E．X線檢查
[答案]
E胸部X線檢查是診斷肺結核的方法，可以發現早期輕微的結核病變，確定病變范圍、部位、形態、密度與周圍組織的關系，病變陰影的伴隨影像；判斷病變性炎、有無活動性，有無空洞，空洞大小和洞壁特點等。
16．原發性支氣管肺癌最常見的組織學類型是
A．鱗狀細胞癌
B．小細胞未分化癌
C．大細胞未分化癌
D．腺癌
E．細支氣管一肺泡細胞癌
[答案]
A按照國際肺癌研究會和世界衛生組織對肺癌的病理分類，按細胞類型將肺癌分為9類：①鱗狀細胞癌；②小細胞癌；③腺癌；④大細胞癌；⑤腺鱗癌；⑥多型性癌；⑦類癌；⑧唾液腺型癌；⑨未分類癌。其中最多見的是鱗狀細胞癌，約占50％。
17．對消化性潰瘍并發幽門梗阻最有診斷價值的臨床表現是
A．進餐后上腹飽脹不適
B．嘔吐物量大
C．嘔吐物內含酸酵宿食
D．嘔吐物內無膽汁
E．嘔吐后癥狀可暫時緩解
[答案]
C瘢痕性幽門梗阻的主要表現為腹痛和反復發作的嘔吐。其嘔吐特點為量大、宿食(腐敗酸臭味)、不含膽汁、吐后緩解。其中最具特點的是嘔吐宿食。可見，診斷幽門梗阻最有價值的臨床表現是嘔吐宿食。答案為C。
18．輸血早期非溶血性發熱反應常見的原因是
A．細菌污染
B．血液凝集
C．致熱原
D．肝炎病毒
E．霉菌污染
[答案]
C輸血早期非溶血性發熱反應是比較常見的輸血反應之 。按照現論，引起非溶血性發熱反應的原因有：致熱原、免疫和細菌污染。其中最重要、最常見的是致熱原。所以正確答案為C。
19．抗體克的最基本措施是
A．輸氧
B．使用血管活性藥物
C．糾正代謝性酸中毒
D．補充血容量
E．控制原發病
[答案]
D休克的基本原因是有效循環血量減少，進而導致微循環障礙，組織缺氧。可見治療休克的基本措施是補充血容量(簡稱為擴容)。當然，從治本角度來看，治療原發病也很重要。如果本題的題干改為“重要措施”，并在備選答案中去掉D補充血容量，則應該選E控制原發病。
20．深Ⅱ度燒傷的臨床特點不包括
A．痛覺遲鈍
B．水皰小、皰皮厚
C．水皰基底潤紅、明顯滲出
D．拔毛痛
E．可見網狀栓塞血管
[答案]
C對深Ⅱ度燒傷的臨床表現來說，A、B、D、E 4個備選答案均是對的。惟獨C選項(水皰基底潤紅、明顯滲出)錯誤，因為深Ⅱ。燒傷的應該是微濕，紅白相間。
21．對腫瘤進行定性診斷的可靠依據是
A．仔細詢問病史
B．局部體檢
C．CT檢查
D．活體組織病理學檢查
E．核素檢查
[答案]
D在用于腫瘤診斷的各種輔助檢查中，最可靠、最有意義的可以明確診斷的方法是活體組織病理學檢查，它可以直接進行細胞學的鏡下檢查。類似的試題不少，希望大家要牢記：活體組織病理學檢查最可靠。
22．多系統器官功能衰竭的第一靶器官是
A．腎臟
B．肺臟
C．肝臟
D．心臟
E．胃腸
[答案]
A多系統器官功能衰竭是指急性疾病過程中，兩個或兩個以上的器官或系統同時或序貫發生功能障礙。在其發生過程中，不同的靶器官發生的幾率不同，最容易受損的(也可以稱為第一靶器官)是腎，其次是心、肺、腦。
23．藥物避孕的機理不包括
A．抑制排卵
B．增加宮頸黏液黏稠度
C．使內膜增生不良
D．抑制獲能
E．阻止與卵子結合
[答案]
C藥物避孕的原理有抑制排卵；改變宮頸黏液的性狀，使宮頸黏液黏稠度增加，不利于穿透：殺死或影響功能，阻礙受精；抑制子宮內膜增生，使子宮內膜分泌反應不良，不適于受精卵著床。
24．宮頸癌好發部位是
A．鱗狀上皮區
B．柱狀上皮區
C．宮頸管腺上皮
D．宮頸陰道部黏膜層
E．鱗一柱狀上皮交界區
[答案]
E宮頸外口柱狀上皮與鱗狀上皮交接處是宮頸癌的好發部位。
25．產后出血最常見的病因是
A．子宮收縮乏力
B．軟產道損傷
C．凝血功能障礙
D．胎盤滯留
E．膀胱過度充盈
[答案]
A宮縮乏力引起的產后出血最常見，占產后出血的70％～80％。
26．人工流產術后10天仍有較多的陰道出血，首先考慮的診斷是
A．子宮穿孔
B．子宮復舊不良
C．吸宮不全
D．子宮內膜炎
E．宮頸裂傷
[答案]
C人流術后陰道流血超過10日，血量過多，或流血停止后又有多量流血，應考慮為吸宮不全。
27．女，27歲，已婚，結婚2年不孕，經前行診斷性刮宮，子宮內膜為增殖期改變，該婦女基礎體溫表現為
A．雙相型
B．雙相型，上升緩慢
C．雙相型，上升幅度低
D．雙相型，下降緩慢
E．單相型
[答案]
E經前子宮內膜為增殖期說明患者無排卵，基礎體溫為單相型。
28．新生兒血液中免疫球蛋白從母體通過胎盤獲得的是
A．IgA
B．IgD
C．IgG
D．IgM
E．IgE
[答案]
C免疫球蛋白IgG可通過胎盤，其余類型Ig均不能通過胎盤。
29．蛋白質一熱能營養不良患兒出現水腫的原因是
A．大量蛋白尿
B．腎功能障礙
C．血清蛋白降低
D．電解質紊亂
E．心力衰竭
[答案]
C蛋白質一熱能營養不良患兒出現水腫的原因是由于蛋白質攝入不足，使體內蛋白質代謝處于負平衡，當血清總蛋白濃度
30．心導管檢查，平均血氧含量右心房高于上下腔靜脈的先心病是
A．房間隔缺損
B．室間隔缺損
C．動脈導管未閉
D．肺動脈狹窄
E．法洛四聯癥
1____F______
2.____m_____
3.______v______
4.____Hh______
5.______Ll______
6.______Rr______
二、正確抄寫下列的單詞和句子(10分)。
1.English blouse pup pet bottle
2.I can see some monkeys.
3.Let‘s count the crayons.
4.I’d like a blouse
5.Let‘s keep the school clean!
三、英漢互譯(10分)
1.五只猴子______________
2.一輛吉普車______________
3.數雞蛋______________
4.數學和音樂______________
5.在沙發上______________
四、找出不同類的詞并將序號寫在括號內。(20分)
()1.A.boxB.bottleC.milk
()2.A.onB.inC.open
()3.A.bookB.deskC.bed
()4.A.whereB.thereC.what
()5.A.fatherB.motherC.nurse
()6.A.breadB.rulerC.pencil
()7.A.dressB.canC.jacket
()8.A.bearB.pearC.panda
最能準確復述這段話主要意思的是()。
A.人類的社會生活是文學藝術的惟一來源
B.人類的社會生活比文學藝術有更生動豐富的內容
C.文藝來源于生活，又應高于生活
D.生活原本是實實在在、平平淡淡的，來自于生活的藝術也是同樣
12.學校黨支部書記激動得眼睛閃著淚花，他說，他從事教育工作三十多年了，中被逼得吃鼠藥走絕路，自己教的學生見了都躲著走，怕沾“臭老九”的邊。如今，社會風氣大變了。素不相識的農民擺酒席慰問教師，縣委領導作陪，這在過去連做夢也想不到。
最能準確復述這段話主要意思的是()。
A.學校黨支部書記因為農民擺酒席慰問老師而激動
B.社會上尊師重教已成為一種風氣
C.老師在“”中遭到迫害
D.學校黨支部書記回顧他從教三十年來的經驗，感到今天素不相識的農民擺酒席慰問
教師是對教育工作者的重視
13.作為交換條件，外國投資商可以享受4年的免稅期和14%的公司稅稅率，原材料和設備的進口及成品出口免關稅的規定也在考慮之中。
最能直接地支持這段話的觀點是()。
A.4年的免稅期和14%的公司稅稅率容易得到
B.原材料和設備的進口免稅是交換的必要條件
C.這些交換條件是極為優厚的
D.4年的免稅期和14%的公司稅稅率是對投資商的肯定允諾
14.華盛頓被美國人尊為“國父”，對這個稱號他是當之無愧的。他生長在弗吉尼亞，繼承一份很大的產業，擁有許多黑奴，已進入南部屈指可數的大種植主之列。
這段話要主要寫了()。
A.華盛頓的生平B.華盛頓的出生地及家庭背景來源：考試大
C.華盛頓有很大功績D.華盛頓是美國的“國父”
15.達爾文有句名言，“我堅持奮戰五十五年，致力于科學的發展，用一個詞可以道出我最艱辛的工作特點，這個詞就是失敗。”
上文表達這樣一種觀點，即()。
A.達爾文有許多名言B.達爾文五十五年全都是失敗
C.達爾文的工作很艱辛D.達爾文很謙虛
16.在一定范圍內發展外商投資經濟和港澳臺經濟，對于加強我國現代化建設具有重大意義。它可以彌補我國資金的相對不足，建設一批國民經濟急需項目;可以引進先進技術和科學的管理方法，提高我國的生產技術和經濟管理水平;可以增加國家和地方的敗政收入，積累建設資金，還可以擴大就業，提高人民生活水平，擴大出口，增加外匯收入等。
這段話的中心思想是()。
A.在一定范圍內發展外商投資經濟和港、澳、臺投資經濟可以提高人民生活水平
B.在一定范圍內發展外商投資經濟和港、澳、臺投資經濟可以提高生產技術
C.在一定范圍內發展外商投資經濟和港、澳、臺投資經濟對于加速我國現代化建設具有重大意義
D.在一定范圍內發展外商投資經濟和港、澳、臺投資經濟可以增加建設資金
17.永定河上的盧溝橋，修建于公元1189～1192年間。橋長265米，由11個半圓形的石拱組成，每個拱長度不一，自16米至21.6米。橋寬約8米，路面平坦，幾乎與河面平行。每兩個石拱之間有石砌橋墩，把11個石拱連成一個整體。由于各拱相連，所以這種橋叫連拱石橋。
最能準確復述這段話主要意思的為()。
A.盧溝橋修建年代并不久遠B.盧溝橋橋身很長
C.簡單介紹了盧溝橋的橋體構造D.盧溝橋是各拱相連的連拱石橋
18.就個人和民族的作用而言，文化素質主要是通過形成特定的文化氛圍，浸潤其心靈，提升其境界;人文精神則主要是通過具體的價值意識，指導其行為，推動其前進。換言之，文化素質的作用是間接的、抽象的;人文精神的作用則比較直接、具體。因此()。
A.文化素質實際上就是人文精神的間接的、抽象的反映
B.人文精神實際上就是文化素質的直接的、具體的體現
C.在大力提高民族文化素質的同時，應當高度重視人文精神的建設
D.人文精神、文化素質二者相輔相成，密不可分
19.芒果、荔枝、桂圓這些南國水果珍品，保定人過去只能在電視上看到或在罐頭中嘗過，現在它們已擺上了保定市各農貿市場、樓區居民點的攤位上，尋常百姓不必遠涉千山萬水到廣東、海南水果產地或驅車幾百公里到省城購買，只需幾步就可大飽口福了。
最能準確復述這段話主要意思的是()。
A.芒果、荔枝、桂圓屬南方水果珍品，北方人吃不到
B.南方水果被運到保定，解決了居民購買難的問題
C.以前人們也同樣能吃到南方水果
D.保定人喜歡吃南方水果
20.中國哲學凝聚了中華文化的基本精神，是中華民族數千年文化發展的結晶。在西方文化中，宗教處于核心的地位，然而在中國文化中，宗教的功能基本上是由哲學承擔的。自古以來，中國人對宇宙的看法，對人生的看法，他們生活的意義，他們的價值觀念，他們賴以安身立命的終極根據，都是通過中國哲學加以反映、凝結和提升的。
這段話主要支持了這樣一種觀點，即()。
A.中國哲學在中國文化傳統中起著主導的作用
B.中國哲學是民族文化的結晶
C.西方文化中，哲學的作用不如宗教明顯
D.哲學是中國文化的精髓
21.在工業企業中，職工培訓工作是十分重要的，從發展的觀點看，它還將變得越來越重要。科學技術在迅速發展，生產和制造方法正經歷著急劇的變化，企業里的職工都面臨著提高個人素質，以適應這種變化的問題。
這句話強調的是()。
A.目前企業對職工的培訓工作還不十分重視
B.科學技術迅猛發展，推動著生產和制造技術不斷改進和革新
C.職工培訓工作是十分重要的，必須一直抓下去
D.隨著科學技術的發展，企業職工的素質需要提高
22.教學包括教和學兩個方面。研究教學的一般理論的科學稱考試，大收集整理為教學論，也譯作教授學，是教育科學中一個相對獨立的分支學科。教學論要解決的是有關教學方面的理論問題。
這段話主要支持了這樣一種論點，即()。
A.教學包括教和學兩方面
B.教學論是教育科學中一個相對獨立的分支學科
C.教學論的研究對象是科學中的一般理論問題
D.教學論是研究教和學兩方面理論問題的總稱
23.事實上，目前所有的整形手術最大的危險不在于移植，而在于麻醉。伊法蓮診所強調，很多整形外科因為貪圖方便，將麻醉這種重要手續簡化，沒有請專業的麻醉師處理，這對病患者來說是相當危險的事情。
這段話的觀點是()。
A.很多整形外科貪圖方便，將麻醉這種重要的手續簡化
B.整形手術風險是移植
C.麻醉容易給整形手術帶來危險
D.整形手術中最大的危險是麻醉
24.檢驗結果發現，吸煙愈多體力下降愈明顯。鈣與鋅離子濃度也隨吸煙量的增加而下降。專家們推測，這可能是由于體內煙堿濃度增加使某些運動神經元受到抑制，從而使骨髓肌興奮性降低的緣故。
這段話主要支持了這樣一個論點，即()。
A.吸煙使人體力下降
B.煙堿濃度增加，運動神經元也相應增加
C.鈣與鋅離子濃度的增加使骨髓肌興奮性降低
D.吸煙導致體內煙堿濃度增加從而使骨髓肌興奮性降低
25.現在的天文學，不只是研究太陽、月亮、星星在天上的位置和運行規律，還要研究星星里面的變化，研究宇宙的演化。
對這段話的準確復述是()。
A.現代天文學只研究星星里頭的變化
B.現代天文學不僅研究星體的運行規律及其內部變化，而且還要研究宇宙的演化
C.現代天文學只研究太陽、月亮和星星在天上的位置和運行規律
D.現代天文學是一門綜合性的學科
【糾錯】第一部分言語理解與表達
(共25題，參考時限25分鐘)
每道題包含一段文字或一個句子，后面是一個不完整的陳述，要求你從四個選項中選出一個來完成陳述。注意：答案可能是完成對所給文字主要意思的提要，也可能是滿足陳述中其他方面的要求，你的選擇應與所提要求最相符合。
【例題】鋼鐵被用來建造橋梁、摩天大樓、地鐵、輪船、鐵路和汽車等，被用來制造幾乎所有的機械，還被用來制造包括農民的長柄大鐮刀和婦女的縫衣針在內的成千上萬的小物品。
這段話主要支持了這樣一種觀點，即()。
A.鋼鐵具有許多不同的用途
B.鋼鐵是所有金屬中最堅固的
C.鋼鐵是一種反映物質生活水平的金屬
D.鋼鐵是惟一用于建造摩天大樓和橋梁的物質
解答：A
請開始答題：
1.相對來說，選擇整體經濟社會的技術結構，以及制定實現該種結構的有關政策，是一項獨立于其他領域，可以在科技戰略內部完成的任務。并且，技術結構極大地制約著整體經濟社會的發展。因此，發展中國家和地區的科技戰略和政策中，技術結構策略居于核心地位。
這段話主要支持了這樣一種論點，即()。
A.科技戰略是可以獨立于其他領域而獨立完成的
B.在發展中國家和地區的科技戰略和政策中，應將技術結構置于核心地位
C.制定科技戰略要依據不同的國情
D.技術結構制約著經濟社會的發展
2.由于國民經濟的持續、快速增長，個人收入渠道的多元化，我國目前個人收入總量龐大，據報道，在1995年國內生產總值最終分配中，個人收入已占69.1%。近年來，我國國民收入分配向個人傾斜的趨勢不斷發展，但不是向個人整體性傾斜，而是不均衡地、過多地向社會少部分人傾斜，致使我國涌現出一批高收入群體，出現了一批百萬富翁、千萬富翁、甚至億萬富翁，個人擁有的財富相當可觀，這就為我國征收遺產稅提供了稅源。
這段話主要支持了這樣一種論點，即()。
A.我國國民收入分配向個人傾斜的趨勢不斷發展
B.我國涌現出一批高收入群體，他們成為我國征收遺產稅的稅源
C.通過征收個人遺產稅來均衡社會財富勢在必行
D.我國已經具備了征收遺產稅的經濟基礎
3.加入WTO后，我們可利用WTO服務貿易中的跨國貿易方式，向周邊的WTO成員國提供電信業務。比如在越南、柬埔寨經營衛星業務，包括使用衛星容量及利用衛星支持國內和國際業務。另一方面，加入WTO后，外國企業將會從各個領域進入中國市場，而今天企業的發展無一不與電信息息相關，這將大大增加對中國電信網的使用，包括業務的使用和線路的租用等，這都會促進電信的發展和收入的增加。鑒于WTO的雙向性，中國電信企業也可利用商業存在方式在海外發展電信業務。
這段話主要支持了這樣一種論點，即()。
A.加入WTO后，我國可以通過向周邊的WTO成員國提供電信業務來加速中國電信業的發展
B.WTO具有雙向性，其成員國之間互惠互利
C.加入WTO有利于提高電信網的利用率
D.加入WTO有利于加速我國電信業的國際化進程
4.最近，本市一所高校和一個區的老齡問題委員會就維護老年人合法權益問題，對1600多名老人進行社會調查。調查中，老人認為家庭中小輩尊重他們的占52.3%，有一部分人認為一般，認為不尊重老人者也為數不少。這一點值得社會重視。
老年人的問題，是全社會的問題，需要得到社會的關心。最近，靜安區老齡問題委員會向中青年朋友散發了一封敬老公開信，公開信中呼吁：“今天，你們是中青年，明天，你們也將成為老年人，關心老年人的今天，也就是關心你們自己的明天。”起到了很好的宣傳效果，我們希望社會各界更熱忱地關心、愛護老年人。
關于以上兩段話，下列說法不正確的是()。
A.敬老公開信之所以能達到很好的宣傳效果是因為巧妙的措辭來源：考試大
B.有52.2%的小輩尊重老年人說明不尊重老年人的人數只是極少數
C.作者贊同全社會都應該關心和愛護老年人
D.文中“一部分人”是指代部分被調查的老年人
5.對于對人來說，武陵源有著難以描述的神奇與秀麗。而在當地土家族人眼中，每座形態各異的石峰，都能演繹出一個神奇古老的傳說。
通過這段文字我們可以知道()。
A.居住在武陵源的人都是土家族人
B.武陵源在當地人眼中并不怎么秀麗
C.外人對武陵源的古老傳說大多不怎么了解
D.武陵源無論對外人還是對當地人都是有魅力的
6.植物農藥又稱生物農藥，是利用有毒植物中的多種殺蟲成分，經過提煉后生產的農藥。由于它們的殺蟲有效成分為天然物質，因而施用后較易分解為無毒物質，對環境無污染。
下列對“植物農藥”概述正確的一項是()。
A.提煉有毒植物中能有效殺蟲的對環境無污染的無毒物質制造的
B.提煉有毒植物中多種殺蟲有效的天然物制造的
C.利用多種有毒物質的殺蟲成分，經過提煉后制造的
D.利用有毒植物中使害蟲不能產生抗藥性的多種殺蟲成分，經提煉制造的
7.生命是一場充滿意外收獲的偉大歷險，看上去難以掌握，其實機會無處不在。如果你從不犯錯，或者從沒有人批評過你，那么你肯定沒進行過任何大膽的嘗試。如果一個人這樣生活，那么他肯定無法發揮出所有潛力，當然也就很難真正享受到生活的樂趣。
這段文字主要是想說明()。
A.人生要勇于嘗試B.生活的樂趣在于冒險
C.生活中機會無處不在D.一個人不可能從不犯錯誤
8.中國古代無論是奴隸制還是封建制，都受到宗法制度和宗法精神的強烈影響。它不僅是宗族凝聚力的一種保障，而且是王權的重要支柱。君權、地方行政權都滲透了宗法父權的因素。這是封建專制制度得以長期牢固統治的條件之一。在國家的立法中，不僅確認了有關封建宗法制度的大量內容，而且承認宗法家規具有一定的法律效力，是國法的重要補充。
這段話主要支持了這樣一種論點，即()。
A.宗法制度強烈地影響著中國古代的政治、立法以及司法，甚至社會生活的各個方面
B.宗法制度成為中國古代專制統治的堅強基礎
C.中國古代社會，宗法精神是王權的重要支柱
D.宗法制度被中國古代國家立法所確認，并成為國家立法的補充
9.一些招工單位提出的用人條件，動輒就是大本以上學歷，本來有些工種普通技工即可勝任，可招工單位非要招本科生、研究生裝點門面。在現有的人才概念中，技術工人常常被排斥在人才的范疇之外，或者提起來重要，排起隊來次要;關鍵崗位需要，而盤點“功名”時則覺得他們沒必要。
這段文字是針對下面哪種現象談的?()。
A.用人單位哄抬學歷B.沒有做到人盡其用
C.技工沒受到足夠重視D.對人才概念的錯誤認識考試大
10.從1901年到1961年，諾貝爾文學獎幾乎完全為歐美白人壟斷;20世紀60年代以后，亞、非、拉美作家居多數;90年代則沒有歐美白人作家獲獎。而60年代以后正是歐美科學技術突飛猛進的時代，這是否意味著技術突起、科學猛進會使文學作品失去人文魅力?
上面這段話主要支持了這樣一種觀點，即()。
A.科技高度發展可能使文學中的人文精神走向淺薄
B.不排除技術和科學的干擾，就沒有優秀的文學作品
